Ndinaonerapo $150,000 CNC mzeretsekani chifukwa cha$90 SPDidakhazikitsidwa zipinda zitatu kutali. Cholakwika chimodzi chimenecho chinayambitsa sabata yonse ya kutayika kwa ntchitondipo tinataya kasitomala amene tinali kumufunafuna kwa zaka ziwiri.

Mu bukhuli, ndigawana zisanu zofala SPDzolakwika zoyikazomwe zingathe kuchepetsa kwambiri magwiridwe antchito, ndipo fotokozani momwe ndimapewera izi mu chomera changa. Phunziro lililonse limachokera ku zolephera zenizeni zomwe ndawonapo mu Germany, France, US, ndi Indiapamene mukupereka mapanelo a Leikexing. Tsatirani malangizo awa, ndipo mudzapambana mayeso anu otsatira pa nthawi yoyamba.

Momwe mungachitire Sankhani Mtundu Woyenera wa SPD

Ku Detroit, ndinasankhapo mlingo wolakwika wa magetsi a SPD, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chophwanyiracho chigwenthawi iliyonse yamkunthoZotsatira zake, gulu lokonza zinthuanataya chidaliro mwachangumu zida zanga.

Ine nthawi zonse tsopano fanana ndi Uc wa SPDku voteji ya dongosolo kuphatikiza 10%, ndipo sankhani Kalasi yoyeneraza malo a gululo. Gawo losavuta ili lakhala ndi yachepetsa maulendo ovutitsa ndi oposa 80%.

Momwe mungawerengere mayina a IEC ndi UL

UL 1449 imafotokoza ma SPD ngati Mtundu 1, Mtundu 2, ndi Mtundu 3,

pomwe IEC 61643-11 imagwiritsa ntchito Kalasi I, Kalasi II, ndi Kalasi III.

Machitidwe onse awiri otchulira mayina amafotokoza malo a SPD mkati mwa nyumbayo.

Ndimasindikiza tebulo ili ndikulimata mkati mwa chitseko chilichonse cha panel.

Imaletsa mkangano wa "chinthu chimodzi chokha" isanayambe.

Misampha ya Voltage ndi kasinthidwe

Kwa Dongosolo la 277Y/480V, SPD iyenera kuwerengedwa kuti ndi osachepera 320 V Uc, osati 275 V. Kugwiritsa ntchito chiŵerengero chotsika kumayambitsa Ma MOV (metal-oxide varistors) amatenthedwa kwambiri ndipo amalephera kugwira ntchito mkati mwa miyezi ingapo.
Ndimaganiziranso kwambiri machitidwe atatu a delta okwera mwendoNthawi zonse sankhani SPD yomwe imatchula momveka bwino "odzikuza"mu deta yake; apo ayi, Gawo lapakati likhoza kupitirira mphamvu ya varistor, zomwe zimafupikitsa kwambiri nthawi yake yogwira ntchito.

Nkhani yeniyeni yochokera ku France

Amalo osungiramo zinthu zozizira pafupi ndi Lyonwodziwa zambiri kutayika kwa ma compressor angapo masika aliwonse.
Gululo linali ndi Mtundu wachiwiri wa SPD, koma chodyetsa analowa pamwamba pa nyumbayo ndipo anagunda nyumbayo asanafike mita yaikulu.
Tinasintha ndi Gulu Loyamba + Gulu Lachiwiri la SPD lophatikizidwandipo anawonjezera chosinthira cholumikizira cholumikizidwa.
Pambuyo pa kusintha kumeneku, nthawi yogwira ntchito ya zida yatsika kufika pa zero, ndi kasitomalaadasaina pangano la zaka zitatu.

Sungani SPD Yanu Pafupi ndi Gulu Lalikulu

Ndinayikapo SPD mukabati ya panjirachifukwa katswiri wamagetsi adati pali "Palibe malo m'bokosi."
The Kuthamanga kwa chingwe kunali mamita 25, zomwe zimayambitsamphamvu yamagetsi yolowera pa katunduyo kuti ifike pa 1,800 V—kuwirikiza kawiri mphamvu ya mphamvu ya galimotoyo.
Tsopano, nthawi zonse ndimakhala ndi atsogoleri a SPD wamfupi kuposa mita imodzindipo ikani chipangizocho pambale yakumbuyo yomweyi monga choswerera chachikulu nthawi iliyonse ikatheka.
Lamulo losavuta ili limasungamphamvu ya clamping yotsika pansi pa 800 V.

Chifukwa chiyani kutalika kwa lead kumaposa ohms

Waya uliwonse imagwira ntchito ngati chowongolera.
Kwa Kuchuluka kwa 8/20 µs, mita imodzi ya waya wa 12 AWG imawonjezera pafupifupi 1 µH, kupanga za 1 kV ndi 1 kA/µs.
Tebulo ili pansipa ikuwonetsa kuwonjezeka kwa magetsi komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kutalika kwa waya wowonjezera:

Mita iliyonse yowonjezera ya wayaimapeputsa ubwino wa SPD yapamwamba kwambiri.
Nthawi zonse ndimakumbutsa gulu langa: "Ngati pakufunika chitsogozo chachitali, sunthani gululo m'malo mwa SPD."

Kukonza malo ku Indiana

Pa chomera cha pulasitiki, SPD idayikidwa pa mezzanine 30 ft kutalikuchokera pagulu lalikulu.
Tawonjezera gulu lachiwiri mamita awiri kuchokera pa lalikulundipo anasamutsa SPD.
Zotsatira zake,mphamvu yamagetsi yolowera yatsika kuchoka pa 1,500 V kufika pa 680 Vndi Ma alamu a VFD ayima.

Pewani Mawaya Aatali Kapena Opotoka a SPD

Ndinaona malo oika magetsi pomwe katswiri wamagetsi anachokamawaya ozungulira "kuti asinthidwe mtsogolo".

Ma coil awa ankachita ngati akasupe oyambitsa, kuwonjezera 2 µH, zomwe zinayambitsa Mphamvu yamagetsi yokwera kufika pa 1,400 V.

Dulani nthawi zonse SPD imatsogolera ku utali waufupi kwambirizomwe zimathandizabe kuti chitseko cha panel chitseke, ndikuyendamzere ndi mbali yosagwirizanakuletsa ma electromagnetic fields.
Pewanizozungulira, zopindika zakuthwa, ndi mitolo yolumikizidwa ndi zipi.

 Malamulo olumikizira mawaya omwe ndimatsatira

1. Chotsani kutalika kwenikweni kwa waya komwe mukufunakwa lug.

2.Sungani mzere, wosalowerera, ndi wofanana pansi; musazengereze.  

3. Sinthani ma torque onse molingana ndi zomwe wopanga akufuna;zingwe zomasuka zitha arc panthawi ya kukwera.

Mayeso opotoka mu labu

Tinamangamakonzedwe awiri oyesera: chimodzi ndi Mawaya ozungulira a 30 cm, ndi chimodzi ndi zitsogozo zolunjika za 20 cm.
Pa3 kA 8/20 µs, khwekhwe lozungulira limadutsa pa 1,200 V, pomwe Ma lead owongoka amaloledwa 680 V okha.
Kuwonetsa chithunzichi kwa akatswiri atsopano amagetsi kumathetsa mkangano mwachangu,bwino kwambiri kuposa mawu.

 Onetsetsani Kuti SPD Yakhazikika Bwino

SPD Kumangiriridwa ku chitsulo chopakidwa utoto sikuthandiza kwenikweni.
Pa malo ena ku Mumbai, ndinayeza 4 Ohmkukanapakati pa SPD ndi dziko lapansi, zomwe magwiridwe antchito achepa kwambiri.
Nthawi zonse gwiritsani ntchito chomangira cha mkuwa cha 6 AWG chodziperekakuchokera pa SPD ground bar kupita ku main earthing terminal, ndi onetsetsani kuti impedance ili pansi pa 0.1 Ωndi micro-ohmmeter.
Kuthera mphindi zisanu zokha zowonjezera kuno kungalepheretse anthu kuyitanitsa anthu ambiri pabwalo.

Mndandanda wazinthu zomwe zimayang'aniridwa ndi ma electrode pansi

Ngati muyeso uliwonse walephera, ikani ndodo yowonjezera kapena mphete yoyambira musanatseke bolodi.
Kupereka lipoti kwa kasitomala kumalimbitsa chidaliro pa kukhazikitsa.

 Phunziro la nkhani: Berlin

Malo osungira deta adapambana mayeso a hipot koma adalephera mayeso a surge.
Chikwama cha SPD pansi chinali choyikidwa pa utoto wopakidwa ndi ufa.
Pambuyo poisintha ndi chotsukira nyenyezi ndi kuikonzanso, mayeso a surge adapambana ndipo woyang'anira adavomereza makinawo m'mawa wotsatira.

Yang'anani Mkhalidwe wa SPD Nthawi Zonse

"Khalani ndi kuiwala" ndi maganizo oopsa.
Pa malo ena ku Vietnam, PLC inalephera chifukwa SPD inali itafiira zaka ziwiri zapitazo ndipo sinayang'anitsidwepo.

Yesani kuyang'ana momwe LED ilili kotala lililonse ndikulemba ziwerengerozo mu pepala lokonzekera lomwe lili mumtambo.
Ngati chizindikirocho sichili chobiriwira, sinthani gawolo nthawi yomweyo.

 Malangizo owunikira patali

Ma SPD ambiri amakhala ndi kulumikizana kopanda kuthekera.
Lumikizani ku gulu la SCADA kuti ogwira ntchito alandire chenjezo la imelo mphepo yamkuntho isanayambe.

 Kuyerekeza mtengo: kusinthana kwa module vs. kulephera kwa zida

Manambalawa amatsimikizira bajeti ya pachaka ya ma module owonjezera.

Mapeto

Ndataya ndalama pa cholakwika chilichonse pamwambapa mpaka nditalemba malamulo asanu awa pa khadi ndikulilemba mkati mwa chisoti changa.

Zisindikizeni, zitsateni, ndipo SPD yanu yotsatira idzateteza katunduyo, osati chitsimikizo chokha.