Zipangizo Zoteteza DC ndi AC pa Dzuwa ndi PV Systems
Ndaona mapulojekiti ambiri a dzuwa akulephera pambuyo pa mphepo yamkuntho imodzi, kotero ndimadalira Chipangizo Choteteza Kuwonjezeka kuti aletse kuwonongeka kusanafike pa mapanelo ndi ma inverter.
A Chipangizo Choteteza Kuwonjezeka Kwa makina a dzuwa ndi PV, amateteza ma DC ndi ma AC circuits ku mphezi ndi kugwedezeka kwa magetsi mwa kusuntha mphamvu yamagetsi yochulukirapo kupita pansi mosamala, kuteteza kulephera kwa zida ndi nthawi yogwira ntchito.
Ngati mukufuna kutulutsa kokhazikika, ndalama zokonzedweratu zosamalira, komanso nthawi yayitali ya dongosolo, kumvetsetsa momwe DC ndi AC SPDs zimagwirira ntchito ndiye gawo lotsatira lomveka bwino.
Kodi ndi chiyani Chipangizo Choteteza DC Surge cha Machitidwe a Dzuwa
Nthawi zambiri ndimakumana ndi ogula omwe amanyalanyaza kuchuluka kwa magetsi a DC, mpaka chochitika chimodzi chitawononga inverter. Ichi ndichifukwa chake nthawi zonse ndimayamba ndi chitetezo cha DC kaye.
Chipangizo choteteza mafunde a DC m'makina a dzuwa chimachepetsa mafunde ochulukirapo pa ma DC circuits mwa kuwatseka ndikuwatulutsa pansi, kuteteza ma PV panels, zingwe, ndi ma inverter.
Ndimapanga chitetezo cha DC ndi lingaliro limodzi losavuta: Ma PV arrays ndi ma conductor aatali, owonekera. Amagwira ntchito ngati ma antenna panthawi ya mphezi. Ngakhale mphezi yosalunjika imatha kuyambitsa ma volts zikwizikwi mu zingwe za DC. Chipangizo Choteteza Kuwonjezeka Choyikidwa pafupi ndi chophatikiza cha array kapena inverter DC input chimagwira ntchito ngati valavu yotetezera yofulumira. Sichiletsa mphezi, koma chimatsogolera mphamvu yamagetsi kutali ndi zamagetsi zomwe zimakhudzidwa.
Mu mapulojekiti enieni, nthawi zonse ndimafufuza zinthu zitatu zofunika. Choyamba, mphamvu yayikulu ya DC ya array pansi pa kuzizira. Chachiwiri, khalidwe la nthaka. Chachitatu, kutalika kwa njira yolumikizira chingwe. Ma DC SPD amagwira ntchito bwino pokhapokha ngati kukana kwa nthaka kuli kochepa ndipo njira za chingwe zili zochepa. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri poteteza mafunde a mafunde m'mafakitale ndi padenga lalikulu komwe ma waya amayendetsedwa nthawi yayitali.
Kuchokera pa zomwe ndakumana nazo, kulephera kwakukulu komwe kumanenedwa kuti ndi "kuipa kwa inverter" kukusowa kapena kulibe ma DC SPD akuluakulu. SPD yoyenera yamakampani kumbali ya DC imachepetsa kwambiri ndalama zosinthira ndi nthawi yopuma.
Zipangizo Zoteteza za DC Surge za PV ndi Mphamvu ya dzuwa
Nthawi zambiri ndimauza oyang'anira kugula zinthu kuti ma DC SPD si zowonjezera zomwe mungasankhe. Ndi zigawo zazikulu zotetezera.
Zipangizo zoteteza ku mafunde a DC za PV ndi makina amagetsi a dzuwa Tetezani zingwe za DC ndi zida ku mafunde oyambitsidwa ndi mphezi ndi kusintha kwa transients m'makonzedwe akunja.
Ndikakonzekera chitetezo cha DC surge, ndimayang'ana kaye kapangidwe ka makinawo. PV ya padenga, ma arrays okhazikika pansi, ndi zomera zogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri zonse zimachita mosiyana panthawi ya surge. Chipangizo Choteteza Kuwonjezeka Kuyikidwa mu bokosi la DC combiner kumachepetsa kupsinjika pa zamagetsi zomwe zili pansi. Mu machitidwe akuluakulu, nthawi zambiri ndimagwiritsa ntchito chitetezo chogwirizana ndi ma SPD pa array ndi inverter.
Pansipa pali kufananiza kothandiza komwe ndimagwiritsa ntchito posankha ma DC SPD:
| Kukula kwa Ntchito | Mphamvu yamagetsi ya DC | Mtundu Wovomerezeka wa SPD | Malo Oyikira |
|---|---|---|---|
| Denga laling'ono | ≤600V | Mtundu wachiwiri wa DC SPD | Cholowera cha DC cha Inverter |
| PV yamalonda | 800–1000V | Mtundu wachiwiri wa DC SPD | Bokosi lophatikiza la DC |
| Mulingo wofunikira | 1000–1500V | Mtundu 1+2 DC SPD | Chosakaniza munda |
Njirayi imagwira ntchito bwino pamapulojekiti a SPD a mafakitale pomwe nthawi yogwira ntchito ndi yofunika. Imachepetsanso mikangano ya chitsimikizo chifukwa kuwonongeka kwa mafunde kumachepetsedwa bwino.
Kufotokozera kwa Ma Voltage a Chipangizo Choteteza cha DC Surge
Ndimakumbutsa ogula nthawi zonse kuti zolakwika pamlingo wamagetsi ndi chimodzi mwa zolakwika zodula kwambiri pachitetezo cha DC surge.
Ma voltage a chipangizo choteteza cha DC surge ayenera kupitirira voltage yayikulu ya PV system open-circuit kuti apewe kulephera msanga komanso kutayika kwa chitetezo.
M'malo mwake, sindisankha DC SPD yofanana ndi nominal voltage. Kutentha kumakhudza kwambiri PV voltage. Nyengo yozizira imatha kukweza string voltage pamwamba pa nameplate values. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndimakonda chitetezo cha osachepera 20%.
Umu ndi momwe ndimagwirizanirana ndi ma voltage ratings:
| Mlingo wa Voltage wa DC | Nkhani Yogwiritsidwa Ntchito Kawirikawiri | Kugwiritsa Ntchito SPD |
|---|---|---|
| 12V / 24V | Zowongolera, masensa | Chitetezo cha DC chapafupi |
| 48V | Kusunga mphamvu | Mawonekedwe a batri |
| 600V | Ma PV ang'onoang'ono | Machitidwe a padenga |
| 1000V | PV yamalonda | Madenga akuluakulu |
| 1500V | PV Yothandizira | Zomera za dzuwa |
Kugwiritsa ntchito mlingo woyenera kumawonjezera moyo wa SPD ndipo kumaonetsetsa kuti magwiridwe antchito odalirika. Izi ndizofunikira kwa ogula ngati Jeff, omwe amafuna khalidwe lokhazikika komanso mtengo wotsika wa umwini.
Chitetezo cha DC Surge cha Ma PV Panels ndi Inverters
Ndimaganizira kwambiri za inverter chifukwa ndi chinthu chodula komanso chosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito.
Chitetezo cha DC pakati pa ma PV panels ndi ma inverter chimaletsa mphamvu zosakhalitsa zisanalowe mu inverter electronics, zomwe zimaletsa kuwonongeka kwakukulu ndi kutsekedwa kwa makina.
Kuchokera ku deta ya m'munda, kulephera kwa ma inverter ambiri kumachitika pa gawo lolowera la DC. Zingwe zazitali za DC zimasonkhanitsa mphamvu ya surge, ndipo popanda Chipangizo Choteteza Kuwonjezeka, inverter imayamwa kugunda. Nthawi zonse ndimayika ma DC SPD pafupi momwe ndingathere ndi ma inverter terminals.
Mu makina amakono a PV omwe amagwiritsa ntchito 1000V kapena kupitirira apo, chitetezo chogwirizana n'chofunikira. SPD imodzi pa array sikokwanira. Chitetezo chophatikizidwa chimachepetsa mphamvu yotsalira yamagetsi ndipo chimathandizira kudalirika kwa makina. Njira imeneyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poteteza ma surge m'mafakitale omwe nthawi yogwira ntchito siivomerezeka.
Kukhazikitsa kwa Pole kwa Zipangizo Zoteteza za DC Surge
Nthawi zambiri ndimaona chisokonezo chokhudza mitengo, makamaka m'makina a PV oyandama poyerekeza ndi omwe ali pansi.
Kapangidwe ka ndodo yoteteza chipangizo cha DC surge kumadalira kukhazikika kwa dongosolo ndi dongosolo la kondakitala, kuonetsetsa kuti njira zabwino, zoyipa, komanso zapadziko lapansi zatetezedwa mokwanira.
Pa makina ambiri a PV, ma 2P DC SPD ndi ofala. Amateteza mizere yabwino ndi yoipa pansi. M'makina ovuta kwambiri, ma configurations a 3P angafunike. Nthawi zonse ndimatsimikiza topology ya nthaka ndisanasankhe komaliza. Ma setting olakwika a pole amachepetsa mphamvu yoteteza ndikuwonjezera chiopsezo cha kulephera.
Zipangizo Zoteteza za AC Surge Amagwiritsidwa Ntchito mu Dzuwa
Ndimaona chitetezo cha AC ngati mzere wachiwiri wodzitetezera pambuyo pa chitetezo cha DC.
Zipangizo zoteteza mafunde a AC zimateteza ma inverter, ma distributor board, ndi katundu kuchokera ku mafunde olowera kudzera mu utility kapena zochitika zamkati zosinthira.
Ma AC SPD amasankhidwa kutengera ma voltage ndi ma phase configuration. Makina okhala m'nyumba nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito ma 110V kapena 275V SPD, pomwe makina amafakitale amagwiritsa ntchito zida za 385V. Pa makina a magawo atatu, ma configuration a 3P+NPE amapereka chitetezo chokwanira.
| Mtundu wa Kachitidwe ka AC | Voteji | Kusintha kwa SPD |
|---|---|---|
| Kumakomo | 110V | 1P kapena 1P+N |
| Zamalonda | 275V | 2P |
| Zamakampani | 385V | 3P+NPE |
SPD ya mafakitale kumbali ya AC imateteza osati zida za dzuwa zokha komanso katundu wolumikizidwa.
Momwe Mungasankhire Chipangizo Choteteza Kumtunda Wamanja za dzuwa
Ndimachita kusankha mosavuta chifukwa kusokoneza kwambiri kumayambitsa zolakwika.
Kusankha chipangizo choyenera choteteza mafunde kumatanthauza kufananiza mphamvu yamagetsi, mtundu wa makina, malo oyika, ndi mulingo wa chiopsezo kuti chitetezo chikhale chodalirika kwa nthawi yayitali.
Nthawi zonse ndimalangiza kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zovomerezeka zomwe zili ndi ziwerengero zomveka bwino za ma surge ratings komanso chitetezo cha kutentha. Pewani kusakaniza ma AC ndi ma DC SPD molakwika. Zolephera zambiri zimachokera pakuyika ma AC SPD pama DC circuits. Kugwira ntchito ndi wogulitsa yemwe amamvetsetsa machitidwe a surge arrester kumapangitsa kusiyana kwakukulu.
Mapeto
Sankhani choyenera Chipangizo Choteteza Kuwonjezeka lero kuti muteteze ndalama zomwe mwayika pa dzuwa ndikusunga makina anu akugwira ntchito mawa.
FAQ
Q1: Kodi makina a dzuwa amafunikiradi chitetezo cha DC surge?
Inde. Ma PV arrays ndi owonekera kwambiri ndipo ma DC surges ndi omwe amachititsa kuti inverter isagwire ntchito.
Q2: Kodi SPD imodzi ingateteze ma circuits onse a AC ndi DC?
Ayi. Ma AC ndi DC amafuna mapangidwe ndi ma rating osiyanasiyana a SPD.
Q3: Kodi chipangizo choteteza ma surge chiyenera kusinthidwa kangati?
Zimadalira kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe amatuluka, koma kuwunika pafupipafupi kumalimbikitsidwa chaka chilichonse.
Q4: Kodi chiŵerengero cha kA chokwera nthawi zonse chimakhala chabwino?
Si nthawi zonse. Iyenera kufanana ndi chiopsezo cha dongosolo ndi malo oyika.
Q5: Kodi kuyika pansi kosakwanira kumachepetsa magwiridwe antchito a SPD?
Inde. Ubwino wa nthaka umakhudza mwachindunji magwiridwe antchito a mafunde.