Momwe Mungasankhire SPD Yoyenera ya Mabokosi Ophatikiza a PV

Ndimakumbukirabe tsiku limene mphezi imodzi inagunda theka la gulu lathu.
Mu masekondi khumi, tinataya ma inverter makumi anayi, chingwe cha DC cha kilomita imodzi, ndi phindu la mwezi wonse.

Kale, ndinkasankha zipangizo zotetezera kugwedezeka kwa mpweya ndi dzina la kampani.
Tsopano, patatha zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndikugwira ntchito m'munda, ndimadalira manambala atatu okha — Mphamvu yamagetsi ya DC yapamwamba kwambiri, mphamvu yamagetsi, ndi ma fuse ozungulira kutentha.

Ngati zitatuzo zikugwirizana ndi zomwe gulu lanu likufuna — mwachitsanzo 1000 V DC, Imax 40 kA, ndi kutsekedwa kwa kutentha komwe kwamangidwa mkati — mumachepetsa kulephera kwa malo ndi 90% ndipo PPA yanu imagwira ntchito bwino.

Pitirizani kuwerenga ndipo ndikukuwonetsani manambala enieni omwe ndimagwiritsa ntchito, mayeso omwe ndimapempha kuchokera ku mafakitale, ndi cholakwika chimodzi chomwe chimawononga ndalama zambiri kuposa mphezi yokha.

Udindo wa SPD mu Chitetezo cha Mabokosi Ophatikiza a PV

Ndinatsegula bokosi la combiner lomwe linali litatsekedwa ndi 6 kV rebound.

Utoto unali utayamba kuphulika, busbar yamkuwa inasakanikirana kukhala chinthu chimodzi — ndipo malowo anali osagwira ntchito kwa milungu isanu ndi umodzi.
Kampani ya inshuwalansi inati ndi “chochita cha Mulungu.” Ine ndinati ndi SPD yomwe ikusowa.

Tsopano ndikuyika zoteteza ma surge mu bokosi lililonse la combiner.
Amaletsa kukwera kwa magetsi kufika pa 1.5 kV, amasunga mulingo wa moto pa UL 94 V-0, ndipo amasiya inverter ikugulitsa magetsi pamene mphepo yamkuntho ikupitirirabe.
Imeneyo ndiye inshuwalansi yotsika mtengo kwambiri yomwe ndagulapo.

Zimene zimachitika mkati mwa bokosilo

Chingwe cha DC chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati antenna ya mamita 200.
Mphezi ikagunda mkati mwa makilomita awiri, chingwecho chimatha kunyamula mphamvu ya 4 kV.
Popanda SPD, yomwe imazungulira chogwirira fuse, imasungunula fuse ya 15 A, ndikudumphira pakhoma la kabati.
Pa kutentha kwa 6 000 °C, utoto umasanduka kaboni ndipo bokosilo limakhala gwero la moto.

Ndimasungabe zithunzi kuchokera ku malo atatu oyaka moto pomwe malipoti a moto amalembedwa kuti "magetsi."
Titawonjezera ma SPD pa kapangidwe komweko, lipoti lotsatira linati mwachidule: "palibe kuwonongeka."

Momwe ndimasankhira kukula kwa SPD ku bokosi

Pambuyo pa zaka zambiri zoyesa ndi kulephera, ndinasintha njira yanga yosankhira kukhala zinthu zitatu:

Voliyumu ya DC ya dongosolo- ayenera kupitirira Voc pa −20 °C.

Kutulutsa kwamadzina (Mu)– 20 kA pa nyengo yofatsa, 40 kA pa madera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja kapena madera okhala ndi mphezi zambiri.

Mulingo woteteza mphamvu yamagetsi (Kukwera)– khalani pansi pa mphamvu ya inverter (nthawi zambiri 2 kV).

Umu ndi momwe manambala amenewo amachitikira:

Sindigula SPD popanda Kutha kwa DC arczomwe zalembedwa pa datasheet yake.
Zimenezo zimandiuza kuti ikhoza kuswa mphamvu yotsatizana popanda kudikira kuti inverter ilandire mphamvu.
Inenso ndikulimbikitsa kuti lipoti la mayeso apakati— zimatsimikizira kuti gawoli lalephera bwino pamene likupanikizika.

Kumene ndimayiyika

Ndimayika SPD pa njanji ya DIN yomweyi monga ma fuse, ndikusunga kutalika kwa waya pansi pa 30 cm ndikupotoza awiriwa kuti ndiphe inductance.
Sentimita iliyonse yowonjezera imawonjezera pafupifupi 10 V pa 1 kA/µs, kotero 50 cm ya slack ikhoza kusintha clamp ya 1.5 kV kukhala 2 kV.

Ndimaika chopumira chaching'ono cha 3 A pambali pake.
Tsamba lina ku Texas tsopano lasinthana ndi SPD yomwe yagonjetsedwa pasanathe mphindi zinayi.
Malo oyandikana nawo akufunikirabe kutsekedwa kwathunthu - ndipo akutaya maola atatu a ndalama zomwe amapeza chifukwa cha dzuwa.

Kufotokozera kwa Ma Voltage a DC ndi Ma Levels Oteteza

Ndinali ndikukhulupirira chizindikiro cha “1000 V” SPD popanda kuyang'ana kutentha.
Cholakwika chimenecho chinakazinga ma inverter awiri ndipo chinandiwonongera ndalama zambiri kuposa galimoto yanga yoyamba.

Tsopano ndikuyesa SPD iliyonse ndi 20% kuposa Voc ya nyengo yozizira, ndikutsimikiza kuti mphamvu yake ya clamp ili pansi pa 30% kuposa mphamvu ya inverter.
Lamulo la magawo awiri limenelo lapangitsa kuti zopempha zanga za chitsimikizo zikhale pa zero kwa zaka zisanu motsatizana.

Chifukwa chiyani Voc pa −20 °C ndi yofunika

Mphamvu ya silicon imakwera ndi 0.3% pa ​​digiri iliyonse pansi pa 25 °C.
Chingwe chomwe chimawerenga 950 V pa 25 °C chikufika pa 1 090 V pa −20 °C.
Ngati SPD's Uc yanu ndi 1 000 V yokha, imayamba kutulutsa mphamvu, kutentha, ndikulephera.
Ndinaphunzira phunziro limenelo m’njira yovuta ku Ontario, komwe ma module khumi ndi awiri adagwa usiku wonse.

Momwe mungawerengere Up, Uc, ndi In popanda PhD

Uc- mphamvu yamagetsi ya DC yomwe SPD imatha kupirira nthawi zonse.

Mmwamba- mphamvu yotsala yamagetsi panthawi ya kukwera kwa magetsi.

Mu– mphamvu yamagetsi imatha kupulumuka nthawi khumi ndi zisanu popanda kuwonongeka.

Ndimalemba manambala atatu awa pa siginecha yachikasu mkati mwa bokosi lililonse lophatikiza.
Katswiri aliyense akhoza kutsimikizira kuti mpikisanowo ndi wofanana m'masekondi ochepa.

Msampha wobisika: kutalika kwa chingwe pambuyo pa SPD

Chotsekeracho chimachitika pa malo olumikizirana a SPD, koma inverter yanu imangowona zimenezo pamodzi ndi kutsika kwa chingwe.
Ndinayesa 1.8 kV pa SPD, koma 2.4 kV pa inverter mtunda wa mamita 35.
Tsopano ndikuwonjezera SPD yachiwiri pa inverter nthawi iliyonse DC ikadutsa 20 m.
Imawononga pafupifupi 42 USD ndipo imasunga inverter ya 12 000 USD.

Mtundu 1 vs Mtundu 2 SPD - Kodi Kusiyana N'kutani?

Wogulitsa wina ananditumizira zida za "Type 2" kuti ndizigwiritse ntchito pa bokosi lomangiriridwa ndi chimango.
Chiwonetsero choyamba chinafika, ndipo lipoti la inshuwaransi linati "gulu lolakwika" - zomwe zinanenedwa sizinavomerezedwe.

Masiku ano, ndimagwiritsa ntchito ma SPD a Mtundu 1 pamabokosi olumikizidwa ku chimango cha mphezi, ndi mayunitsi a Mtundu 2 pamabokosi otalikirana ndi mtunda woposa mamita makumi awiri.
Kusiyana kumeneku kumasankha ngati kukwera kwa madzi kumachepa kunja kapena kuthamangira mwachindunji m'chipinda chanu chosinthira magetsi.

Mafunde oyesera omwe ndi ofunika kwambiri

Mtundu 1- yoyesedwa ndi mafunde a 10/350 µs (25 C charge), imatsanzira kugunda mwachindunji.

Mtundu Wachiwiri- yoyesedwa ndi mafunde a 8/20 µs, imatsanzira kukwera kwamphamvu komwe kumachitika.

Ndimaika ma waveform onse awiri mu oda iliyonse yogulira.
Nthawi ina wogulitsa wina anayesa kundigulitsa magawo a "Mtundu 1+2" ndi mayeso a 8/20 µs okha omwe alembedwa.
Ndinakana malowo asanafike ku kasitomu.

Kusiyana kwa mtengo mu madola enieni

Malo okwana 200 MW, ndi delta ya 64 000 USD —koma chingwe chimodzi cha inverter chomwe chalephera chimawononga 120 000 USD.
Ndagwirizana nanu: Mtundu 1 pa chosakaniza choyamba cha mzere uliwonse, Mtundu 2 pa zina zonse.
Zimasunga 42% ya bajeti ndipo zimakwaniritsabe kampani iliyonse ya inshuwaransi.

Momwe mungazindikire chosakaniza chabodza

Zolemba zina zimafuula kuti “T1+T2,” koma mkati mwake muli varistor ya 40 kA 8/20 µs yokha.
Nthawi zonse ndimayang'ana Impndi mphamvu yeniyeni (MJ)mfundo zomwe zili pa datasheet.
Ngati akusowa, ndimachoka.
Kenako ndimatsimikiza nambala ya fayilo ya UL 1449 pa intaneti pamene wogulitsayo akulankhulabe.

Malangizo Okhazikitsa Zipangizo Zoteteza Kuthamanga kwa Dzuwa

Ndinayamba ndasintha mzere ndikuyika pa SPD yatsopano ndipo ndinawona varistor ikudumphadumpha pa kabati.
Kuwomba kunali kwakukulu kwambiri moti mlonda anagwetsa khofi wake.

Tsopano ndimalumikiza SPD iliyonse ndi mkuwa wa 10 AWG wokhazikika, ndikusunga malo ozungulira pansi pa 5 cm², ndikuwonjezera chotsegula cha 32 A DIN kuti gulu lizitha kuchisintha pamalopo.
Zizolowezi zimenezi zimachepetsa nthawi yathu yokonza mpaka mphindi zisanu ndi zitatu zokha.

Kukwera pang'onopang'ono komwe ndimaphunzitsa wophunzira aliyense

1Iphani chingwecho ndi switch ya DC ndikudikirira Voc

2Ikani SPD pambali pa ma fuse, ikani lug pamwamba.

3Chotsani chotenthetsera cha 6 mm chokha — sungani mpata wa mpweya.

4.Torque kufika pa 1.2 Nm — zomangira zomasuka zimawonjezera kutentha kwa 50 °C.

5Onjezani chotsegula cha 32 A cholembedwa SPD ISOLATORmu Chingerezi ndi Chisipanishi.

Ndimajambula chithunzi chilichonse cholumikizira ndikuchiyika mufoda yathu yamtambo.
Makampani a inshuwalansi akafunsa umboni, ndimatumiza ulalowu ndisanadye nkhomaliro.

Chinyengo choyambira chomwe palibe amene amalemba

Gwiritsani ntchito waya wachikasu wobiriwira wa 6 mm² kuchokera ku SPD's earth kupita ku box ground bar.
Musagwiritse ntchito unyolo wa daisy kudzera mu zipangizo zina — zomwe zimawonjezera 0.5 Ω ndikukweza cholumikizira ndi 500 V pa 1 kA.
Ndatsimikizira izi ndi sikopu ya 50 MHz; manambalawo sanama.

Zida zomwe ndimasunga mgalimoto

Pambuyo pa ntchito iliyonse, ndimasanthula QR code ya SPD ndikulemba tsiku.
Pulogalamuyi imandikumbutsa kuti ndibwererenso chaka chachiwiri.
Kuyambira pamene ndinayamba kuchita zinthu zimenezi, takhala tikuchita palibe kulephera kodabwitsa.

Mapeto

Sankhani SPD yoyenera kamodzi, ndipo mudzagona nthawi iliyonse yamkuntho.
Nditumizireni voltage yanu ya array ndi komwe muli —
Ndidzafanizira chitetezo chenicheni cha mafunde chomwe mukufuna musanayambe thundercloud yotsatira.