Ndinawonongapo kale $30,000 inverter ya dzuwachifukwa ndinadumpha mayeso a SPD a mphindi zisanu— musabwerezenso cholakwika chimenecho.

Pa Fakitale ya Wenzhou SPD, ife yesani chilichonse chipangizo choteteza kugwedezekaNjira yoyenera ikuphatikizapo kutumiza musanatumize. kuyang'ana kowoneka bwino, kukana kutchinjiriza, mulingo woteteza magetsi (VPR), kutayikira kwamagetsindi kutsimikizira chizindikiro.

Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza gawo lililonse la Chingerezi chosavuta chaukadaulo, kutengera zomwezo mndandanda wa zinthu zomwe zingachitike podutsa/kulepheratimagwiritsa ntchito Mafamu a dzuwa aku Germany ndi ku US.

Chifukwa chiyani Kuyesa kwa SPD Nkhani mu Mphamvu za Dzuwa ndi Zamakampani

Ndimakumbukirabe fungo la silicon yopsereza pamene varistor yomasukaanalola a Kukwera kwa 6 kVkwa kasitomala waku US bokosi lopangira mphamvu ya dzuwa.

Chimodzi SPD yosayesedwaakhoza kutseka chilichonse famu ya dzuwa. A mayeso a mphindi ziwiriakhoza kuletsa masabata opumandi kuteteza wanu phindu la mphamvu ndi phindu.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati SPD yalephera pankhaniyi?

A chipangizo choteteza ma surge (SPD) chomwe chalephera kugwira ntchitoSipanga phokoso — imasiya kugwira ntchito mwakachetechete.
The chenjezo la LED lingakhalebe lobiriwirangakhale pambuyo pa varistoryasweka kapena yafupika.

Mu 2022, gulu lathu linatsatira njira yopezera Kutseka kwa inverter ya 1.5 MWku India kuti chimodzi chalephera SPDzomwe zinakhala waya. Malowa anatayika Masiku 14 a mphamvu ya dzuwa yochuluka kwambiri, mtengo Kuchulukitsa nthawi 45kuposa SPD yokha.

Tsiku limenelo ndinaphunzira lamulo lagolide: mayeso otsika mtengo kwambiri akadali otsika mtengo kuposa kulephera pang'ono kwa magetsi.

Momwe zingwe za dzuwa zimabisira mphamvu yamagetsi yochulukirapo

Mu makina a solar photovoltaic (PV), Zingwe za DCsizimangiriridwa mwachindunji pansi — iwo "yandama" pamwamba pa mphamvu ya dziko lapansi.
Pamene kugwedezeka kwa mphezi kapena kusintha kwa kanthawi kochepaikagunda mbali ya DC, imatha Kwezani mphamvu yonse ya chingwe ndi 30 kVkwa ma microseconds ochepa chabe.

Inverter imatanthauzira kuti surge ngati kupitirira muyeso kwamphamvu kwa magetsi, nthawi zambiri zimapangitsa kuti ntchito izimitsidwe kwathunthu.

Kuti ndipewe izi, ndimachita Mayeso oletsa kutenthetsa a kV 1pa gulu lililonse la SPD musanatumize.
Ngati kuwerenga kumatsika pansipa 10 MΩ, chipangizocho chimakanidwa nthawi yomweyo.

Gome ili m'munsimu likuwonetsa kutchinjiriza kwenikweni ndi deta yoyesera ya VPRkuchokera m'magulu 20 omaliza opanga ku kampani yathu Fakitale ya Wenzhou SPD.

Zitsanzo za zotsatira kuchokera ku mayeso a DC SPD batch — kukana kutenthetsa ndi mulingo woteteza magetsi (VPR) pansi pa mikhalidwe yoyesera ya 1 kV.

Ma injini a mafakitale nawonso ndi okwiya

Zamakampani Ma drive a ACali pachiwopsezo chofanana ndi ma solar arrays chifukwa cha mphamvu yamagetsi yosakhalitsa - nthawi zina kwambiri.

A Gulu lowongolera mota la 480 Vili ndi malire ochepa kwambiri a surge kuposa chingwe cha 1000 V PV, chomwe chimapanga chisankho ndi kuyesa kwa AC SPD (Chida Choteteza Kuphulika)wotsutsa kwambiri.

Mmodzi mwa makasitomala anga aku US omwe amapanga mapanelo adaphunzira izi mwanjira yovuta. gawo la SPD losayesedwaZinayambitsa kutsekedwa kosayembekezereka Loweruka usiku, zomwe zinamukakamiza kulipira antchito ake nthawi yowonjezera kuti ayambitsenso fakitaleyo.

Kuyambira pamenepo, akulimbikira kulandira lipoti laposachedwa la kutayikirapa gulu lililonse musanavomereze oda yogulira. Ndimangogwiritsa ntchito ndalama zokha $0.40 ya nthawi yoyesera pa gawo lililonsendipo amapulumutsa ntchito yoposa $400— a Kubweza 1,000×pa kufufuza kosavuta kwa khalidwe.

Zida Zomwe Muyenera Kuyesa Chipangizo Choteteza Kukwera

nthawi ina adawona wogula akuyesa choteteza cha surge ndi Zipangizo za $9 - multimeter ya sitolo — idapulumuka mayeso awiri okha isanathe.

Mu Labu ya fakitale ya SPD ku Wenzhou, timadalira akatswiri zida zoyesera kuthamanga kwa magaziyopangidwira zonse ziwiri Kuwunika kwa DC ndi AC SPD.

Nazi zida zinayi zofunikakatswiri aliyense ayenera kutero yesani chipangizo choteteza ma surge (SPD)mosamala komanso molondola:

①A multimeter ya digito yolinganizidwakuti muwone ngati magetsi ndi magetsi akuyenda bwino.

②A Choyesera kukana kutenthetsa cha kV 1 (megger)kutsimikizira kutetezedwa pakati pa mizere ndi nthaka.

③A jenereta yonyamula ma surge (1.2/50 µs kapena mawonekedwe a mafunde a 8/20 µs)kuyeza mphamvu yeniyeni yolumikizira yomwe ili pansi pa katundu.

④A kamera yojambulira kutenthakuti mupeze malo obisika otentha komanso ma varistor asanayambe kulephera.

Zida zinayi izi pamodzi zimaphimba zopitilira 99% za zochitika zoyesera za SPD, kuyambira pa QA ya fakitale mpaka kuwunika malo m'mafamu a dzuwa kapena mafakitale.

Kodi ndikufunikiradi jenereta ya surge?

Ndithudi inde— ngati mukufuna kudziwa momwe mungachitire chipangizo choteteza kugwedezeka kwa mpweya (SPD)amachita pansi pa mphamvu yeniyeni yamagetsi, a jenereta ya mafundesi chinthu chosankha.

A meggerimatha kungoyesa kutenthetsa ndi magetsi otseguka, koma sangathe kutsanzira mawonekedwe a mafunde a 8/20 µs kapena 1.2/50 µszomwe zimatsimikiza momwe SPD imagwirira mphamvu panthawi yeniyeni.

Mu fakitale yoyesera ya SPD, ndimagwiritsa ntchito Jenereta ya 1.2/50 µs yoyendera mphamvu ya 6 kV.
Kwa Mitundu ya DC 600 V SPD, mulingo woteteza magetsi (VPR)ayenera kukhala pansi pa 1 kVpanthawi ya mayeso.

SPD iliyonse yomwe timatumiza imalembedwa ndi dzina lake mtengo wa VPR woyezedwa— nambala yowonekera bwino iyi imapanga chidaliro kwa makasitomala athu mu Germany, US, ndi India, omwe amadalira chitetezo chokhazikika komanso chotsimikizika.

Kodi ndingathe kubwereka m'malo mogula?

Ndithudi — ngati kupanga kwanu kwa SPD kapena kuchuluka kwa mayeso kuli kwa nyengo, kubwereka zida zoyesera chitetezo cha surgeikhoza kukhala ndalama yanzeru.

Mwachitsanzo, tikamathamanga Magulu a SPD okwana zidutswa 5,000ku fakitale yathu ya Wenzhou, ine lembani kamera ya FLIR yotenthetserapafupifupi $90 pa sabata.

The mayeso owunikira kutenthazimathandiza kuzindikira ma varistor otenthazimenezo zingakhalebe pangani mayeso a megger, kuwulula zolakwika zobisika msanga katundu asanatumizidwe.

Pa nthawi imodzi yopangira, tinapeza ma SPD atatu osalongosokapogwiritsa ntchito kamera yobwereka — ndalama zonse zomwe zasungidwa pakukonzanso ntchito ndi ndalama zotsimikizira adalipira ndalama zobwereka m'tsiku limodzi.

Gome ili m'munsimu likuwonetsa kufananiza kwa mtengo weniweni wa lendi ndi kiyi yogulira Zida zoyesera za SPD.

Njira Yoyesera SPD Pang'onopang'ono (DC ndi AC)

Kaya za Makina a dzuwa a DCkapena Mapanelo owongolera ma mota a AC, njira yoyesera ya Zipangizo Zoteteza Kuwonjezeka (SPDs)imatsatira mfundo yomweyo — malire a magetsi okha ndi omwe amasiyana.

Pa Malo oyesera a Wenzhou SPD, ndimagwiritsa ntchito njira yoyesera pang'onopang'onoamagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi makasitomala apadziko lonse lapansi mu Germany, US, ndi Pakistankutsimikizira kudalirika kwa SPD musanatumize.

1.Ma DC SPDamayesedwa pa Kukana kutchinjiriza kwa 600 V, pamene

2.NDI SPDsamayesedwa pa Voliyumu ya mzere wa 277 V.

Onse awiri amalandira Mphamvu ya 6 kV surge impulse (mawonekedwe a mafunde a 8/20 µs)ndipo ayenera chomangira pansi pa 1 kVpa nthawi ya chochitikachi.

Mayeso aliwonse amabwerezedwa pa L–N, L–PEndi N–PEnjira zotsimikizira chitetezo chokwanira pansi pa mikhalidwe yeniyeni ya kugwedezeka.

Gawo 1 - Kuyang'ana mawonekedwe ndi mphamvu

Chilichonse Mayeso a SPDimayamba ndi kuyang'ana kowoneka bwino ndi kuyang'ana mphamvu yomaliza— sitepe yosavuta, koma yomwe nthawi zambiri imadumphadumpha m'munda.

Ndiyamba ndi kufufuza nyumba zosweka, zizindikiro za moto, kapena malo otayirirazomwe zingayambitse zolakwika za arc. Kenako ine konzani screw iliyonse kufika pa 0.8 Nmpogwiritsa ntchito dalaivala wokhazikika.

Nthawi ina, panthawi yowunikira katundu asanayambe kutumiza, ndinapeza chingwe chimodzi cha mkuwapafupifupi kudulidwa ndi screw ya clamp. Ikanakhala inasungunuka pa mphezi yoyamba, nthawi yomweyo kupha dera loteteza.

Kuyambira pamenepo, ndapanga kuyang'ana kowoneka bwino komanso kolimbagawo lofunikira la chilichonse Lipoti la mayeso a khalidwe la SPDtimatumiza kwa makasitomala mu Europe ndi US

Gawo 2 - Kukana kutentha

Gawo lotsatira lofunika kwambiri Kuyesa kwa SPDndi muyeso wokana kutenthetsaKugwiritsa ntchito 1 kV yolumikizira, ndimayesa kukana pakati pa mzere (L) ndi nthaka yoteteza (PE).

Chipinda chilichonse chiyenera kusamalira >10 MΩKuwerenga pansi pa malire awa kumasonyeza kutayikira kwa varistor koyambirira, kuchepetsa chitetezo cha mafunde. SPD iliyonse ikuwonetsa ndi anakanidwa nthawi yomweyo— palibe zosiyana.

Izi zosavuta mayeso a meggeramaletsa zolephera zobisika zomwe zingayambitse ma inverter a dzuwa kapena ma motors a mafakitalekulephera panthawi ya kukwera kwa mpweya.

Gawo 3 - Mulingo woteteza mphamvu yamagetsi

The Mayeso a Voltage Protection Level (VPR)ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti mutsimikizire kuti Ma clamp a SPD amawonjezera mphamvu yamagetsi mwachanguKugwiritsa ntchito jenereta ya surge yakhazikitsidwa pa 3 kA, 8/20 µs, ndimayesa mphamvu ya clamping ndi oscilloscope.

Kwa 600 V DC SPD, VPR iyenera kukhala pansi pa 900 VMu gulu lathu lomaliza, VPR yoyesedwa inali 820 V, kutsimikizira kuti mayunitsi onse apambana mayeso.

Gawo ili likutsimikizira kuti SPD idzateteza ma inverter a dzuwa ndi zida zamafakitalepazochitika zenizeni za kukwera kwa ntchito, kupewa nthawi yotsika mtengo yogwirira ntchito.

Gawo 4 - Kutuluka kwa madzi ku Uc

Kuyesa kwa Kutaya kwa Magazikuonetsetsa kuti yanu SPD imakhalabe yotetezeka pansi pa mphamvu yopitiliraNdimakweza mphamvu ya DC kuti 600Vndipo muyese kutayikira kwamagetsi.

Malinga ndi miyezo yathu, mphamvu yotuluka iyenera kukhala pansi pa 1 mAChigawo chilichonse chopitirira malire awa—monga kuwerenga kamodzi 1.2 mA—amakonda kutentha kwambiri komanso kulephera kutentha kwambiriMa SPD otere ndi kutayidwa, sanatsitsidwepo.

Mayeso awa akutsimikizira chitetezo chodalirika cha mapanelo a dzuwa ndi zida zamafakitale, kupewa kulephera komwe kungayambitse nthawi yopuma yokwera mtengo.

Gawo 5 - Chizindikiro cha mapeto a moyo

Kuyang'ana Chizindikiro cha Kutha kwa Moyondikofunikira kwambiri kuti titsimikizire kuti Chitetezo cha SPD chikugwira ntchito.

Ndifupikitsa varistor kwa masekondi 5, kenako imasuleni. chizindikiro cha chizindikiro chiyenera kukhala chofiirakapena LED iyenera kuzimitsidwa.

A chizindikiro chomamatira kapena chosagwira ntchito bwinoakhoza kusokoneza ogwiritsa ntchito kuganiza kuti SPD ikugwirabe ntchito. Chida chilichonse chomwe akadali kusonyeza zobiriwirapambuyo pa mayeso anakanidwa nthawi yomweyo.

Wamba mayeso a kumapeto kwa moyoamaletsa zolephera zobisika, kuteteza mapanelo anu a dzuwa kapena makina a mafakitale ku kuwonongeka kosayembekezereka.

 Momwe Mungadziwire SPD Yolephera

Ngakhale SPD yomwe ikuwoneka ngati "ikugwira ntchito" ingalephereke mwakachetechete. Mukayang'anitsitsa, zotsalira za makalazikhoza kuwoneka pamene varistor kamodzi anakhala, kusonyeza kuwonongeka kwa mkati.

Yang'anani zizindikiro zitatu zazikulu zolephera:

1.Mtundu wosonyeza- ngati ikuwonetsa chizindikiro chabodza "chathanzi", SPD imawonongeka.

2.Malo otentha kwambiri- dera lililonse pamwambapa 70 °Cndi chenjezo.

3.Kutayikira kwamphamvu kwamphamvu- zowerengedwa pamwambapa 1 mAkusonyeza kulephera.

Chizindikiro chilichonse mwa iziakutsimikiza kuti SPD ndi sikuperekanso chitetezo cha mafundendipo ziyenera kukhala kusinthidwa nthawi yomweyo.

 Chifukwa Chake Zizindikiro za SPD Zingakhale Zosokeretsa

Ma SPD ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mbendera zamakinangati zizindikiro za mapeto a moyo. Mbendera izi zimagwa pokhapokha ngati kukwera kwa mphamvu kumapitirira 250 A, tanthauzo zochitika zochepetsa mphamvu yamagetsiikhoza kuwononga varistor popanda kuyambitsa chizindikiro.

Kuti muyese bwino, dalirani pa kamera yotenthetserakuti azindikire malo otentha kwambiri. Mu gulu laposachedwa la ma SPD 480, Magawo 12yawonetsedwa Malo otentha kwambiri 80 °Ckoma kokha Atatu anali ndi mbendera zogwa.

Phunziro:Musakhulupirire chizindikiro chokha—kujambula kutentha ndi kuwunika kutayikira kwa madzindizofunikira kwambiri pa chitetezo.

Megger vs. Oscilloscope: Kumvetsetsa Zotsatira za Mayeso a SPD

Poyesa ma SPD, a meggermiyeso kukana kutchinjiriza, pomwe oscilloscopeziwonetsero magwiridwe antchito a clamping voltage.

Mu gulu limodzi, gawo likuwonetsedwa 15 MΩpa megger koma anamangirira pa 1.4 kV, kupitirira zomwe zafotokozedwa ndi 400VKuwerenga kwa megger kumawoneka bwino, koma oscilloscope idawonetsa zoopsa zenizeni.

Mfundo yofunika kwambiri:Nthawi zonse phatikizani mayeso okana pogwiritsa ntchito macheke a clamping voltagekuti muwonetsetse kuti SPD ndi yodalirika. Ngati chipangizo chalephera, yambani vutoli nthawi yomweyo—nthawi zina kusintha kwa njira yophikira varistorchofunika.

Zolakwa Zodziwika Kwambiri Zoyesera SPD ndi Momwe Mungapewere

Kuyesa ma SPD molakwika kungawononge chipangizocho komanso zida zanu. Nazi izi: zolakwika zinayi zofala:

1.Kusachotsa SPD- Nthawi zonse patulani chipangizocho ku dera kuti mupewe kuwerengedwa kolakwika kapena kuphulika kwa magetsi.

2.Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yoyesera yolakwika- Yang'anani zofunikira za AC kapena DC SPDs musanayese.

3.Kuyesa zigawo zozizira- Lolani SPD ifike 25 °Ckuonetsetsa kuti kutentha kwa mpweya ndi kutayikira kwa madzi n'kolondola.

4.Kunyalanyaza kutalika kwa chingwe ndi zotsatira za lead- Onjezani 1 m kutsogoloku mawerengedwe anu kuti muwerengere kukana kowonjezera kapena inductance.

Mwa kutsatira njira zodzitetezera izi, mumateteza SPD yanu, zida zanu zoyesera, ndikupewa kulephera kwamagetsi kokwera mtengo.

 Cholakwika 1 - Kuyesa ma SPD Pamene Alumikizidwa ku Circuit

Chimodzi mwa zolakwika zofala kwambiri ndi kuyesa SPD pamene ikukhalabe mu gawo lamoyoM'magawo omwe dziko lapansi limagawana katundu, munthu wogwirizanitsa angawerenge 2 MΩkuchokera ku ma windings a mota m'malo mwa SPD yokha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zotsatira zabodza zolephera/zolakwika.

Kuchita bwino:Nthawi zonse Tsegulani choswekacho ndikuchotsa SPD kwathunthumusanayese. Gwiritsani ntchito chizindikiro kapena chizindikiro chochenjezakuti apewe kubwereranso mwangozi panthawi yoyesa.

 Cholakwika 2 - Kudumpha Kutentha Komwe Kumayesedwa ndi SPD

Kutentha kumakhudza kwambiri kuwerengera kwa kutayikira kwa SPD.Varistor yoyesedwa pa 5 °Cakhoza kusonyeza Kutuluka kwa madzi kwapamwamba ndi 20%kuposa kutentha kwa chipinda, zomwe zingayambitse zolephera zabodzakapena zolakwika zomwe sizinachitike.

Njira yabwino kwambiri:Gwiritsani ntchito chipinda cholamulidwa ndi kutenthayakhazikitsidwa ku 25 °C ±2 °Cndi nyowetsani ma SPD kwa maola awirimusanayese. Gawo losavuta ili yachepetsa chiwongola dzanja chathu cha SPD ndi 35%ndipo zimatsimikizira zotsatira zolondola kwambiri.

 Cholakwika 3 - Kunyalanyaza Kuchuluka kwa Lead mu Mayeso a SPD

Ma lead a mayeso aatali amayambitsa inductance, kawirikawiri 1 µH pa mita imodzi, zomwe zingathe onjezerani mpaka 20 V pa 8/20 µs.

Njira yabwino kwambiri:Nthawi zonse linganizani makina anu oyezera ndi ma lead enieni oyeseramugwiritsa ntchito, lembani kuchotsera kulikonse kwa magetsindi Chotsani pa kuwerenga komalizaIzi zikutsimikizira Muyeso wolondola wa chitetezo cha voltage (VPR)kwa SPD iliyonse.

Nthawi Yosinthira SPD Yanu Pambuyo Poyesedwa

Kudziwa nthawi yoti musinthe chipangizo choteteza ma surge (SPD)ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti mupewe nthawi yopuma yokwera mtengo.

Sinthani SPD nthawi yomweyongati pali gawo lililonse imasuntha kuposa 10% kuchokera pa muyeso wake woyambiriraZizindikiro zazikulu zikuphatikizapo:

1.Mphamvu yotayikira >1 mA

2.Mulingo woteteza magetsi (VPR) umakwera >10%

3.Kutentha kwa chidebe cha SPD kupitirira 70 °C

Nthawi zonse lembani tsiku lolowa m'malondi bwezerani SPD yakale ku fakitalekuti muwunike kulephera. Izi zimatsimikizira kuti kuwongolera khalidwendipo zimathandiza kupewa mavuto obwerezabwereza pakupanga magetsi pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya dzuwa kapena mafakitale.

Kodi ndiyenera kukhazikitsa tsiku la kalendala?

Inde. Ngakhale Ma SPD omwe amawoneka abwino amatha kuchepa pakapita nthawiKuti tikhalebe odalirika chitetezo cha kukwera kwa madzi, tikupangira:

1.Mafamu a dzuwa:konzani nthawi yosinthira nthawi iliyonse zaka zisanu

2.Mapanelo a injini zamafakitale:konzani nthawi yosinthira nthawi iliyonse zaka zitatu

SPD iliyonse imalandira Chizindikiro cha QR-codekusonyeza tsiku lotsatira lomaliza ntchito. Makasitomala akhoza fufuzani kuti mutsatire ndondomeko zosintha, kuonetsetsa kuti kusinthana kumachitika panthawi yake komanso kupewa kulephera kosayembekezereka. Ganizirani izi ngati njira yopezera ndalama Chikumbutso cha "kusintha mafuta" pazida zanu zodzitetezera ku mafunde.

 Kodi Ndingakonzenso Varistor kapena SPD M'malo Mosinthana?

Kukonzanso varistor kapena SPD sikuvomerezeka.Varistor imapangidwa ndi sintered ceramic; tinthu take tikasungunuka chifukwa cha kukwera kwa madzi, imakhala yolimba ndipo singathenso kuteteza makina anu. Kuyesa kugwiritsanso ntchito ma housings kapena ma SPD akale nthawi zambiri mtengo wake ndi wokwera kuposa chipangizo chatsopano.

Kuti zinthu zipitirire, timapereka 5% ya ngongole ya SPD cores yobwezedwa, ndipo ife kubwezeretsanso zinc oxidemosamala, kuonetsetsa kuti chilengedwe ndi chuma zikuyenda bwino.

Mapeto

Kuyesa ndi kuyang'anira ma SPD anu nthawi zonsendikofunikira kwambiri kuti zipangizo zisamawonongeke ndi zinthu zodula. kukana kutenthetsa, mulingo woteteza magetsi, ndi mphamvu yotulukapa gawo lililonse, ndipo m'malo mwa ma SPD omwe amasonyeza zizindikiro zilizonse za kulepherazisanakhudze mphamvu zanu za dzuwa kapena mafakitale.

Kwa Zipangizo zodzitetezera ku surge (SPDs) zomwe zayesedwa kale zimatumizidwa mwachindunji kuchokera ku fakitale yathu ya Wenzhou kupita ku Germany kapena ku US, titumizireni uthenga pa Van@leikexing.comTimaonetsetsa kuti Ma SPD apamwamba kwambiri, oyesedwa ndi fakitaleokonzeka kuyikidwa sabata yamawa.