Mayankho Anzeru a Solar SPD a Machitidwe Otetezeka a PV mu 2025

Ndimakumbukirabe tsiku lomwe mphezi inagunda kamodzi kokha ndipo inawononga 40% ya ma inverter a padenga la kasitomala wanga. Kutayika kwakukulu kumeneku kunagogomezera kufunika kokhazikitsa Zipangizo zodzitetezera ku mafunde anzeru (SPDs)) pa solar panel iliyonse, kuonetsetsa kuti ikugwira ntchito bwino ngakhale pakagwa mvula yamkuntho.

Ndimayendetsa malo okwana 2,000 m² SPD yanzeru ya dzuwafakitale ku Wenzhou, ndipo ine ndimatumiza ma plug-in omwe amatha kusinthidwa ku Germany, France, US ndi India. Mu 2025, anzeru kwambiri Zipangizo zoteteza ku mafunde a dzuwa (SPDs)kuphatikiza ma ratings 1,000 a V dc,kuwunika mitambo nthawi yeniyeni mphamvu, ndi makatiriji osinthana ndi kutentha omwe amadula ma truck rolls ndi 70%. Ndikuwonetsani momwe mungasankhire, kuyika ndi kutsimikizira kuti muwonetsetse chitetezo chapamwamba pamakina anu.

Ngati ndinu wogula amene amadana ndi zodabwitsa, khalani nane. Magawo otsatirawa akupulumutsani kulephera kwa malo, zopempha zonyamula katundu ndi maimelo okwiya ochokera kwa ogwira ntchito patsamba lino.

 Chifukwa chiyani Chitetezo cha Kuphulika Nkhani Zokhudza Makina Opangira Mphamvu ya Dzuwa

Mu June watha, ndinawona EPC ikutaya malo a 2 MW chifukwa idalumpha chitetezo champhamvu cha ma solar systemskuti asunge USD 0.01 pa watt iliyonse. Mphepo yamkuntho yoyamba inamuwonongera USD 180,000 mu ma inverter.

Ndimateteza mapulojekiti anga ndi Zipangizo zoteteza ma surge za mtundu wa 1+2 (SPDs)chifukwa mphezi imodzi imatha kukankhira 50 kA mu zingwe za PV. Popanda kulondolachitetezo cha mphezi pamakina a dzuwa, kuti mphamvu zimaphika mabokosi olumikizirana, ma optimizer ndi ma inverter. Ndi chipangizo choyenera, ndimasuntha 99% ya mphamvu ya madzi kupita pansi ndikusunga chomera chikugwira ntchito.

Mtengo weniweni wa kukwera si zida zokazinga

Inverter yokazinga ndi chiyambi chabe. Makasitomala anga ku Texas amataya USD 1,500 patsikupa gawo lililonse la 100 kW lopanda intaneti. Ngati OEM yayitanitsanso kwa milungu isanu ndi umodzi, ndalama zochepazo ndi USD 120 chipangizo choteteza kuphulika kwa dzuwa (SPD)mwadzidzidzi zikuwoneka ngati chinthu chotsika mtengo. Popanda zoyenera chitetezo champhamvu cha ma solar systems, nthawi yopuma ndi kukonza zinthu zimakhala zovuta kwambiri.

Momwe mafunde amalowera m'mabwalo a PV

Kugunda mwachindunji sikuchitika kawirikawiri. Kuwonongeka kwakukulu kumabwera chifukwa cha kukwera kwa magetsi komwe kumayenda pa ma homeruns aatali a DC. Ndimawayeza ndi Fluke recorder; ma spikes a 6 kV amawoneka pamtunda wa makilomita 30 kuchokera pakati pa mphepo yamkuntho. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndimayika ma SPD kumapeto onse a chingwe, osati pa inverter yokha.

Njira zobisika zolephera zomwe ogula akusowa

Ma SPD ena amalephera kugwira ntchito. Ngati chipangizocho chilibe kutsekedwa kwa kutentha, chimayaka moto pansi pa mphamvu yotsatizana ya 5 A. Ndikufuna miyezo yoteteza kugwedezeka kwa mafundemonga UL 1449 4th-edition compliance ndi 40 kA SCCR rating pa gawo lililonse lomwe ndimatumiza. Tebulo ili pansipa likuwonetsa zomwe ndimafufuza katoni isanatuluke padoko langa.

 Kodi SPD ya Solar ndi Chiyani Ndipo Imateteza Bwanji Zipangizo za PV?

Pamene ndinaonetsa mwana wanga wamkazi SPD koyamba, anati ikuwoneka ngati njerwa yaimvi yokhala ndi mawaya. Ndinamuuza kuti ndi switch yachangu yomwe imatsegula chitseko chakumbuyo kuti mphezi ilowe.

Ndimamanga ma solar SPDs ndi ma varistor a metal-oxide ndi machubu a gasi. Magetsi akapitirira 1,200 V, ziwalozo zimamangirira 25 ns ndikutumiza surge pansi. Pambuyo pa chochitikachi, chipangizocho chimayambiranso ndipo array imapitiliza kudyetsa gridi. Makasitomala anga samawona nthawi yogwira ntchito mu 95% ya ma strikes.

Mkati mwa njerwa ya imvi

Chilichonsegawo loteteza kuphulika kwa dzuwaMu fakitale yanga ndimagwiritsa ntchito diski ya MOV yokhala ndi sikweya 32 mm. Ndimayika zitatu motsatizana kuti ndifike pa Vdc 1,000. Fuse ya kutentha imakhala pa diski yapamwamba; ngati kutentha kufika pa 120 °C, kasupe amatseguka ndipo LED imakhala yofiira. Izi zimateteza gawo lolephera kulowa pa bala la basi.

Chitetezo cha mulingo wa chingwe motsutsana ndi inverter

Ndimagwiritsa ntchito chingwema SPD a dongosolo la dzuwapamene homerun ili yayitali kuposa 30 m. Pa ma inverter apakati, ndimayika choyikapo pa raki Chitetezo cha DC ndi AC surgegawo pa basi ya DC ndi lina pa mphamvu ya AC. Tebulo ili pansipa likuwonetsa lamulo la gulu langa lotumiza maimelo kwa wogula aliyense.

Chifukwa chiyani sindikhulupirira ma fuse okha "omwe ali ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga"

Chitetezo cha kukwera kwa mpweyaNthawi yoyankhira ndi yofunika kwambiri. Ma fuse ndi ochedwa. Fuse ya 15 gPV imafunika 35 A kwa mphindi imodzi kuti itsegule. Panthawiyo, spike ya 6 kV yawotcha kale chowongolera cha inverter gate.Zipangizo zotetezera ma surge (SPDs)Chitani mu nanoseconds; ma fuse amachita mu milliseconds. Ndimagwiritsa ntchito zonse ziwiri, koma sindimalumpha SPD.

 Momwe Mungasankhire Solar SPD Yoyenera pa Dongosolo Lanu

Ndinatumizapo cholakwikakusankha kwa dzuwa kwa SPDkupita ku malo a ku Florida. Wokhazikitsayo adagwiritsa ntchito mayunitsi 600 V pa chingwe cha 1,000 V. Patatha miyezi itatu, mayunitsiwo adachepa ndipo adachepetsa mndandanda. Cholakwika chimenecho chidandiwonongera USD 8,200 pakunyamula ndege m'malo mwa zina.

Liti kusankha SPD yabwino kwambiri ya dzuwaPa dongosolo lanu, ndikugwirizana ndi zofunikira zitatu zofunika: mphamvu yamagetsi ya dongosolo, mphamvu yamagetsi yochepa, ndi mawonekedwe a mafunde. Izi zimatsimikizira kuti mphamvu yanu yamagetsi ndi yofanana ndi mphamvu yamagetsi. chipangizo choteteza kuphulika kwa dzuwayakonzedwa bwino kuti ithane ndi zochitika zomwe zikuyembekezeredwa za kukwera kwa magetsi.

Kuyeza kwa voliyumu: fyuluta yoyamba

Fakitale yanga ili ndi mitundu 600 V, 1,000 V ndi 1,500 V. Ndimafunsa wogula za magetsi otseguka tsiku lozizira kwambiri pachaka, kenako ndimawonjezera 20%. Ngati VOC ndi 850 V, ndimapita ku gawo la 1,000 V. Izi zimaletsa kuwonongeka kwa clamp m'mawa wachisanu.

Kuyeza kwa mphamvu ndi mphamvu: fyuluta yachiwiri

Ndimayang'ana mphamvu ya DC short-circuit current ya inverter max. Fuse ya chingwe ya 15 A imatanthauza kuti SPD imafuna 20 kA Imax yokha. Pa inverter yapakati ya 1,500 V yokhala ndi ma fuse a 240 A, ndimadumphira ku 100 kA. Tebulo ili pansipa likuwonetsa momwe ndimalembera kukula kwa fuse ku nambala ya gawo.

Kuyang'anira patali: kukweza kwa 2025

Chaka chino ndawonjezera chip ya RS-485 mkati mwa SPD. Inverter imawerenga kuchuluka kwa ma surge, leakage current, ndi kutentha. kuyang'anira kutali kwa dzuwa la SPD, pamene kutayikira kwa madzi kupitirira 1 mA, fakitaleyo imanditumizira imelo. Ndimatumiza katiriji yosinthira chipangizocho chisanathe kugwira ntchito. Ogula anga ku Germany amakonda izi chifukwa zimachotsa magalimoto osakonzedwa.

 Miyezo Yapadziko Lonse ndi Kutsatira Malamulo a Dzuwa a SPDs

Ndataya ndalama za ku France chifukwa mdani wanga adawonetsa satifiketi ya chitetezo cha mafundeIne ndi ochokera ku TÜV tinali ndi pepala la labu la ku China lokha. Wogula ankakhulupirira kwambiri sitampu ya ku Germany kuposa deta yanga. Ndinaphunzira zimenezo satifiketi ya SPD ya dzuwandi wofunika mofanana ndi chinthucho chokha.

Tsopano ndikutsimikizira chilichonse kutsatira SPD ya dzuwaku IEC 61643-31, UL 1449 4th, ndi EN 50539-11. Izi zitatu zimaphimba mbali za DC ndi AC, chitetezo cha moto, ndi EMC. Ndi mafayilo athunthu, ndimachotsa ma casto ku Hamburg, Los Angeles, ndi Mumbai mkati mwa maola osakwana 48, ndikuonetsetsa kuti gawo lililonse likukwaniritsa zofunikira kwambiri. miyezo yapadziko lonse ya SPDs.

IEC 61643-31: Baibulo la DC

Muyezo uwu umayika ma voltage a 1.2/50 µs ndi mafunde a current a 8/20 µs. Ndiyenera kutsimikiziramiyezo yoyesera ya dzuwa ya SPDmonga Up pa 3 kA ndi kukhazikika kwa kutentha pa 5 A follow-on. Labu yanga ku Wenzhou imayendetsa zitsanzo 20 ndikujambula mayesowo. Ndimayika kanemayo pa Alibaba; ogula amakonda kuwonekera bwino ndipo amadalira kuyesa chitetezo cha mafundenjira.

UL 1449 kope lachinayi: mlonda wa pachipata waku US

UL imafuna kuti magetsi afupikitsidwe ndi 40 kA komanso kuti chinyezi chikhale cha maola 1,000. Ndimayendetsa ma board kupita ku ma lab a UL ku Suzhou kotala lililonse kuti ndikakumane nawo. zofunikira pa satifiketi ya dzuwa ya SPDNambala ya fayiloyo yalembedwa pa chizindikirocho kuti Jeff wa ku Texas athe kuiwona pa intaneti. Izi zimachotsa kukayikira kwa "kopangidwa ku China", zomwe zimapatsa ogula chidaliro mu miyezo yoteteza ku mafunde a UL.

EN 50539-11: njira yachidule ya EU

Ndi chizindikiro ichi, ndimagulitsa m'maiko 27 popanda mayeso owonjezera. Wogula waku France amene anandikana mu 2022 tsopano akuyitanitsa ma PC 4,000 pamwezi chifukwa ndinawonjezera satifiketi ya dzuwa ya SPD TÜVchizindikiro. Nthawi yotsogolera ntchito ikadali masiku 21.

Ndondomeko ya CB ndi kuzindikirana

Ndimaphatikiza malipoti a IEC ndi satifiketi za CB. Zimenezi zimandithandiza kusinthana ma deviation a dziko lonse m'sabata imodzi. Pepala langa logulitsa limawonetsa ma logo mbali ndi mbali; oyang'anira kugula amalisanthula ndikupita patsogolo. satifiketi yapadziko lonse ya SPD ya dzuwathandizani kukonza ndondomekoyi. Tebulo ili m'munsimu likuwonetsa zizindikiro zomwe ndimatumiza mwachisawawa.

Zindikirani: Ziphaso izi za m'chigawo ndizofunikira kwambiri SPD ya dzuwamalonda pamsika uliwonse, kuonetsetsa kuti miyezo ya m'deralo ikutsatira.

Mapeto

Ndimamanga zinthu zapamwamba njira zodzitetezera ku mafunde a dzuwa zomwe zimateteza zomera za PV ku mphezi ndi kukwera kwa mphamvu. Ngati mukufunaChitetezo cha surge chovomerezeka ndi IEC ndi UL, palibe nthawi yopuma, ndi wogulitsa amene amayankha mkati mwa maola 12 — lumikizanani ndi kampani yathuFakitale ya WenzhouLero kuti mupeze mtengo wokhazikika kapena chithandizo cha OEM. Musalole kuti mafunde asokoneze magwiridwe antchito a makina anu a PV — tiyeni titeteze ndalama zomwe mwayika!