Kodi Mukufunikira Chitetezo Chokwera?

Ndimakumbukirabe fungo la pulasitiki yopsereza pamene inverter ya kasitomala inaphikidwa mu 2019. Kukwera kamodzi kumeneko kunamuwonongera madola 28,000 a ku America komanso masabata asanu ndi limodzi osagwira ntchito.

Inde, muyenera choteteza kugwedezeka.Kugunda kamodzi kokha kwa mphezi kapena vuto la gridi kungathe kutumiza ma volts zikwizikwi mu zingwe zanu. SPD Idya spike imeneyo isanafike pa inverter yanu, mita, kapena batire. Ndayiwona ikusunga denga lonse la solar.

Simukudziwabe? Pitirizani kuwerenga. Ndikuwonetsani kuwonongeka kwenikweni, manambala enieni, ndi tsatanetsatane womwe timagwiritsa ntchito tikatumiza ku Berlin kapena Milan.

Kodi Chimachitika N'chiyani Popanda Chitetezo Chowonjezera?

Ndinatsegula chitseko chachitsulo ndipo PCB inkaoneka ngati mkate wakuda. Kasitomala ankaganiza kuti inshuwalansi ilipira. Koma sizinatero.

Popanda SPD, mphamvu yamagetsi yochulukirapo imakwera molunjika mu inverter yanu.Kachipangizo ka DC link capacitor kamaphulika, ma IGBT amachepa, ndipo chingwe chonse chimayima. Spike imodzi ya 1 500 V imatha kupukuta inverter yamalonda ya 50 000 USD mu masekondi 0.2.

Kusanthula Mtengo Weniweni

DamagePoint	Mtengo Wamba(USD)	Nthawi yotsogolera	Mtengo Wobisika
Inverter ya 100 kW	28,000	Masabata 8–12	Kutayika kwa Fiti
Batire ya 20 kWh	14,000	Masabata 6	Ikaninso
Kutayika kwa ntchito	4,200 / sabata	–	Zigawo za chilango

Chifukwa Chake Wophwanya Sanagwe

Ma breaker amangoyankha pa over-current, osati over-voltage. Spike ikhoza kukhala 2 000 V koma 3 A yokha, kotero breaker imamwetulira ndikukhala yotsekedwa. Ichi ndichifukwa chake mukufunika chipangizo chomwe chimayang'ana voltage, osati current. SPD imachita chimodzimodzi: imafupikitsa ma volts owonjezera ku earth kenako imayambiranso.

Nthano Zitatu Zimene Ndimamva Sabata Iliyonse

1. "Mapanelo anga ali pansi."

Kuyika pansi kumachepetsa mphamvu yamagetsi yokhudza, koma sikumatseka chitoliro.

2. "Sitipeza mphezi kuno."

Kusinthana kwa gridi, ma capacitor banks, komanso ngakhale ma elevator motors amapanga ma spikes tsiku lililonse.

3. "Inverter ili ndi chitetezo chomangidwa mkati."

Ma MOV ambiri a fakitale amakhala ndi kukula kwa 40 J. Kugunda mwachindunji kumakhala ndi 50 000 J. Masamuwo ndi achisoni.

Nkhani yochokera ku Hamburg, Marichi 2023

Denga la 2 MW linalibe SPD yakunja. Kugundana kwakutali kunapangitsa kuti 1 200 V igwere pa chingwe cha DC. Inverter inafa, koma choipa kwambiri chinali chakuti arc inaswa denga la polima. Madzi analowa, ndipo kampani ya inshuwalansi inati “sikukonzedwa bwino.” Malipiro: zero. Kasitomala pambuyo pake anagula 120 mwa 1 000 V DC SPDs zathu kuti amangidwenso.

Vuto Lobisika la Kutentha

Mainjiniya ambiri amaiwala kuti SPD imakhala m'bokosi laling'ono la IP65 tsiku lonse. Dzuwa limaphika chitsulocho kufika pa 70 °C. Mkati mwake, MOV disk imagwira ntchito yotentha kwambiri. Ma disk otsika mtengo amayamba kutulutsa mphamvu pa 85 °C. Kutayikira kukayamba, kutentha kumakwera, mphamvu imakwera, ndipo disk imasweka. Fakitale yathu imawonjezera thermal snap-link yomwe imakoka SPD offline pa 120 °C. Chipangizocho chimalephera kugwira ntchito bwino, osati mwachangu, ndipo tsamba lanu limagwira ntchitobe.

Kutayika kwa Chizindikiro vs. Chiwopsezo cha Moto

Ogula ena amangoyang'ana kuchuluka kwa chitetezo cha magetsi. Inenso ndimaganizira za chitetezo cha moto. Mu 2021 nyumba yosungiramo katundu ku Netherlands inayaka chifukwa SPD yosatchulidwa dzina lake inayaka moto MOV italephera kugwira ntchito. Kampani ya inshuwalansi inakana kulipira chifukwa SPD inalibe mndandanda wa UL 1449 4th Ed. Timayesa gulu lililonse la IEC ndi UL kuti mugone usiku.

Momwe Mungasankhire Choteteza Kuthamanga Koyenera kwa Mapulojekiti a Dzuwa

Chaka chatha wogula ananditumizira uthenga wa masamba 20. Mzere woyamba unati: “SPD yotsika mtengo kwambiri, 1 000 pcs.” Ndinachotsa imeloyo.

Gwirizanitsani SPD ndi mphamvu yamagetsi ya dongosolo lanu, mphamvu yamagetsi yochepa, ndi mulingo wa chiopsezo.Yambani ndi IEC 61643-31. Sankhani Uc 20% pamwamba pa voteji yanu yotseguka. Kenako onani Imax: 40 kA padenga, 100 kA pamlingo wamagetsi. Nthawi zonse ndimawonjezera cholumikizira chakutali kuti gulu la SCADA liwone ulendowo.

Tebulo Losankha Mwachangu

Mtundu wa Kachitidwe	Uc(VDC)	Imax(kA)	Kalasi	Chizindikiro cha Kutali
Denga la 600 V	720	40	II	Inde
Chingwe cha 1 000 V	1 200	60	II+III	Inde
Chogwiritsira ntchito cha 1 500 V	1 800	100	Ine + II	Inde

Njira Yotsatizana

1. Lembani mawu tsiku lozizira kwambiri.

Kuzizira kumawonjezera mphamvu yamagetsi mpaka 15%.

2. Onjezani 20% ya chitetezo.

Zimenezo zimapatsa Uc yanu.

3. Kuwerengera kutalika kwa kondakitala pansi.

Ngati ndi yayitali kuposa 10 m, onjezani SPD yachiwiri kumbali ya inverter.

4. Yang'anani fuse.

SPD iyenera kukhala ndi fuse yomwe imatuluka chingwe chisanasungunuke. Timagwiritsa ntchito gPV 15 A pa 4 mm².

5. Lipoti la mayeso a kufunikira.

Funsani IEC 61643-11 ndi UL 1449 4th Ed. mu PDF yomweyo. Palibe lipoti, palibe mgwirizano.

Tsatanetsatane Wobisika: Kuthamanga kwa Kutentha

Ma block a MOV otsika mtengo amayamba kutuluka pa 85 °C. Mkati mwa bokosi lakuda la IP65 padenga la Spain, izi zimachitika nthawi iliyonse yachilimwe. Ma block athu amagwiritsa ntchito kutayika kwa kutentha komwe kumatseka pa 120 °C. SPD imalephera bwino, osati yochepa.

Cholakwika cha Kutalika kwa Lead

Ndikuona kuti okhazikitsa amagwiritsa ntchito ma lead othamanga a 30 cm chifukwa ndi othamanga kwambiri. Zimenezi zimawonjezera 300 V ku voltage yolowetsa. Lamulo lathu: sungani ma lead osakwana 15 cm, kapena kuwapotoza kuti aletse inductance. Kasitomala m'modzi amadula ma lead kuchokera pa 25 cm mpaka 10 cm ndipo adawona mmwamba ukutsika kuchokera pa 1.6 kV mpaka 1.1 kV. Inverter yake idapulumuka mphepo yamkuntho yotsatira.

Kugwirizana ndi Mbali ya AC

Musaiwale mbali ya AC. Inverter ikasintha kukhala 400 V AC, mukufunikabe SPD. Timayika mayunitsi a AC a Class II 275 V pa bolodi lalikulu. Pa malo omwe ali ndi ma transformer, timawonjezera Class I 25 kA 10/350 µs kumbali ya LV. Kugunda kamodzi pa mzere wa MV kumatha kuyendabe pansi.

Chifukwa Chake Ma EPC Apamwamba Amagwiritsa Ntchito Mapangidwe a Hybrid SPD

Ndinapita ku EPC yapamwamba 10 ku Milan. Mainjiniya wawo anasintha SPD nati: "Sindikufuna supu ya MOV mu fakitale yanga."

Ma SPD osakanikirana amalowa mu chubu cha gasi chofulumira ndi MOV yolimbaChubu cha gasi chimatenga 90% yoyamba ya kugunda, kotero MOV imakhalabe yoziziritsa. Zotsatira zake: nthawi ya moyo imawonjezeka katatu, mphamvu ya let-through imatsika ndi 30%. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ma Tier-1 EPC tsopano amalemba "hybrid only" mu BoQ yawo.

Mkati mwa Bokosi Losakanikirana

Gawo	Chinthu	Ntchito	Moyo (kugunda)
1	Choletsa mpweya		200
2	MOV	Ma clamp otsala	150
3	Fuse ya kutentha	Chitetezo pamoto	Ulendo umodzi

Chifukwa Chake Ndi Chofunika pa O&M

Galimoto iliyonse yonyamula katundu imadula 1,200 USD. Ngati galimoto ya SPD imatenga zaka 15 m'malo mwa 5, mumasunga magalimoto atatu. Pa galimoto ya 100 MW yomwe ndi 360,000 USD. 12 USD yowonjezera yomwe mumalipira pa galimoto yosakanikirana ndi phokoso.

Ma RFQ a 2024

- Kutulutsa kwamadzimadzi Mu: 20 kA

- Kutulutsa kwakukulu Imax: 100 kA

- Chitetezo cha Voltage Mulingo Wokwera:

- Kulumikizana ndi kutali: youma 250 V 1 A

- Kutentha kwa ntchito: -40 °C mpaka +85 °C

- Satifiketi: IEC, UL, TÜV, CE, RoHS

Ngati fakitale yanu singathe kuyika chizindikiro chilichonse, ndiye kuti mwatuluka.

Chubu cha Gasi vs. MOV Ageing Curve

Tinayesa mayeso a 20 kA 8/20 µs nthawi 200. Chida choyera cha MOV chinawona kukwera kwa 38% pambuyo pa kuwombera 100. Chida chosakanikirana chinakwera ndi 9% yokha. Delta imeneyo imatanthauza kuti inverter imawona kupsinjika kochepa kwa 400 V. Kwa zaka 20, kusiyana kumeneku ndiko pakati pa moyo wa inverter wa zaka 12 ndi kusinthana kwa zaka 6.

Chizindikiro cha Kulemera

SPD yosakanikirana ya 40 kA imalemera 0.8 kg chifukwa chubu cha gasi chimawonjezera mkuwa ndi ceramic. Chipangizo cha MOV cha 40 kA chokha chimalemera 0.4 kg. Ngati chitsanzocho chikuwoneka chopepuka, tsegulani. Mutha kupeza theka la ma disk a MOV akusowa.

Kuchokera ku Fakitale Kupita ku Munda: Nchiyani Chimachititsa Wogulitsa SPD Wodalirika?

Ndinayang'ana nthawi ina pamalo ogwirira ntchito omwe ankamangirira ma MOV ndi epoxy. Chaka chotsatira mabulokowo anagwa panthawi yotumiza. Tinataya mayunitsi 800 panyanja.

Wogulitsa wodalirika wa SPD ali ndi unyolo wonse: shopu yachitsulo, MOV disc press, TIG weld, burn-in, ndi 100% test.Funsani pepala la QC. Liyenera kuwonetsa In ndi Imax pa gawo lililonse, osati chitsanzo cha batch. Fakitale yanga ku Wenzhou imasunga deta imeneyo kwa zaka 10.

Mndandanda Wowunikira Ndimapereka kwa Ogula a Jeff-Style

Chinthu	Zimene Ndikuwonetsa	Mbendera Yofiira
Kukula kwa fakitale	2 000 m², ISO 9001
Labu yoyesera	8/20 µs, 10/350 µs	8/20 yokha
Kutsata	Khodi ya seri + QR	Chomata chokha
Chitsimikizo	Zaka 5 zonse	Chaka chimodzi chofanana
Katundu	Ma PC 10k okonzeka	MOQ 500, masiku 60

Mphepete mwa Logistics

Tili ndi katundu wogulitsidwa ku Hamburg. Chidebe chanu chikhoza kuchoka ku Wenzhou lero ndikuchotsa katundu ku Bremerhaven mawa. Palibe VAT mpaka mutatulutsa katunduyo. Zimenezi zimachepetsa ndalama zanu ndi masiku 21.

Malipiro Omwe Amakugwirirani Ntchito

Timachotsa 30%, 70% motsutsana ndi BL copy. Ngati ngongole yanu ndi >500 k USD/chaka, timawonjezera masiku 90 OA kudzera mu Sinosure. Mukapeza float yomwe mukufuna, ndimalandira oda.

Langizo la Kuwunika

Mukapita ku fakitale, pemphani kuti mukaone MOV yomwe ikubwera. Ayenera kuyesa 100% ya ma disks kuti awone ngati ali ndi mphamvu yofanana pa 1 mA. Ngati ayesa 5% yokha, chokani. Timakana 3% ya gawo lililonse; ndichifukwa chake chiwongola dzanja chathu cha zaka zisanu ndi 0.2%.

Zida Zogulitsira Pambuyo Pogulitsa

Bokosi lililonse limatumizidwa ndi QR code. Lijambuleni ndipo muwona lipoti loyesa, chithunzi cha mawaya, ndi kanema woyika wa masekondi 45. Gulu lathu limagawananso fayilo ya DXF yobowolera njanji ya DIN. Zambiri zochepa zimakupulumutsirani ola limodzi pamalopo.

Ndondomeko ya Zida Zotsalira

Timasunga 2% ya katundu aliyense wotumizidwa ngati zinthu zina zaulere ku Hamburg. Ngati galimoto imodzi yapita, timatumiza katundu wina mkati mwa maola 48. Simuyembekezera chidebe china.

Mapeto

SPD ya 30 USD ingasunge inverter ya 50 000 USD. Sankhani mtundu woyenera, funani katswiri wa hybrid, ndikufufuza fakitale. Nditumizireni imelo lero, ndidzatumiza zitsanzo mawa.