Kodi Mungasankhe Bwanji Chipangizo Choyenera Choteteza Kuthamanga kwa Gawo Limodzi?

Kodi Mungasankhe Bwanji Chipangizo Choyenera Choteteza Kuthamanga kwa Gawo Limodzi?

Ndinakazinga makina awiri a khofi ndi chowongolera cha CNC cha $3,800 ndisanavomereze kuti sindinkadziwa momwe kuphulika kwa khofi kumaonekera.

Ndimasankha SPD ya gawo limodzi poyang'ana manambala atatu: mphamvu yayikulu yowonjezereka (kA), mulingo woteteza magetsi (VPR), ndi kuwerengera kwafupipafupi (SCCR). Yerekezerani zimenezo ndi kukula kwa breaker yanu ndi mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu, ndipo chipangizocho chidzagwira ntchito bwino kuposa zida zomwe chimateteza.

Pitirizani kuwerenga ngati mukufuna fyuluta yomweyi ya mphindi zitatu yomwe ndimagwiritsa ntchito kuti ndisawononge nthawi pa datasheet yolakwika kachiwiri.

Kumvetsetsa Mphamvu ya Gawo Limodzi?

Ndinkaganiza kuti "gawo limodzi" limatanthauza waya umodzi mpaka nditaphulitsa fuse ndikuona mawaya awiri kuphatikiza nthaka mu panelo.

Mphamvu yamagetsi ya gawo limodzi ndi ya 230 V kapena 120 V yokhala ndi waya ziwiri zomwe zimadyetsa nyumba ndi masitolo ang'onoang'ono. Chowongolera chimodzi chotentha, chimodzi chosalowerera, ndi sine wave yobwerezabwereza zimakupatsani mphamvu zonse zomwe mukufunikira pa magetsi, ma laputopu, ndi ma lathe.

Chifukwa chake mawonekedwe a mafunde ndi ofunika

Mafunde a sine amafika pachimake pa 325 V mu dongosolo la 230 V. Kukwera kwa mafunde pamwamba pa peak imeneyo ndipo kumatha kufika 600 V mu microseconds. Ngati SPD yanu yapatsidwa 275 V RMS, idzayamba kuwombera msanga ndikudula pamwamba pa mafunde. Ngati mutatenga chitsanzo cha 420 V chifukwa ndi chotsika mtengo, kuthamanga kudzapita molunjika ku VFD yanu. Ndimasunga oscilloscope ya pocket mu bokosi langa la zida; kuyang'ana kamodzi pa mafunde odulidwa kumandiuza ngati ndasankha kalasi yoyenera ya voltage.

Gome 1: Ma voltages wamba a gawo limodzi poyerekeza ndi kalasi yamagetsi ya SPD yovomerezeka

Kodi Chitetezo cha Kuthamanga kwa Gawo Limodzi N'chiyani?

Ndinauza wogula wanga kuti choteteza ma surge chinali chingwe chamagetsi chapamwamba chabe; anandipatsa ndalama zokonzera chodulira cha laser.

Chipangizo choteteza kugwedezeka kwa mpweya cha gawo limodzi ndi chipangizo chocheperako chomwe chimayikidwa pambali pa breaker panel yanu. Mkati mwake, zitsulo-oxide varistors (MOVs) kapena machubu a gasi zimasuntha mphamvu yowonjezera kupita ku Earth mumasekondi osakwana 25, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti katundu wanu akhale pansi pa mphamvu yawo yopirira.

Zigawo zomwe mungathe kuziwona

Tsegulani bokosi la pulasitiki ndipo mupeza ma disk atatu omwe amaoneka ngati ndalama. Amenewo ndi ma MOV. Fuse yotenthetsa imakhala pafupi ndi disk iliyonse; ngati MOV yatentha kwambiri, fuse imatseguka ndipo LED yobiriwira imazimitsidwa. Ndinaduladula unit yolephera; waya wa fuse unali utapita ndipo MOV inali itasanduka yakuda. Kuyang'ana kowoneka bwino kumeneko kunandithandiza kuti ndisakhazikitsenso protector yakufa.

Gome 2: Ziwalo zamkati ndi zomwe zimazipha

Kodi Chipangizo Choteteza Kuthamanga kwa Gawo Limodzi (Single Phase SPD) Chimagwira Ntchito Bwanji?

Ndinaona 40 kA ikugunda pa logger yanga; mphamvu yamagetsi pamalo otulutsira magetsi inakwera ndi 90 V m'malo mwa 1,200 V.

SPD imakhala pakati pa mzere wopanda malire ndi mzere wa dziko lapansi. Pamene kukwera kwa magetsi kufika, zigawo zake zamkati zimasinthira ku mkhalidwe wotsika wa impedance mu nanoseconds. Mphamvu yamagetsi imadutsa mu SPD, osati chosindikizira chanu, ndipo mphamvu yamagetsi yotsekera imakhala pansi pa malire a kuwonongeka kwa katundu wovuta.

Mzere wokhotakhota

MOV iliyonse ili ndi curve yomwe imasonyeza voltage poyerekeza ndi current. Pa 1 mA, MOV imayamba kuyendetsa; pa 1 kA, voltage imakhala yokwera ndi 50%. Ndimaphimba curve imeneyo pamwamba pa CNC's standby spec. Ngati CNC ifa pa 800 V ndipo MOV ifika pa 820 V pa 3 kA, ndimasamukira ku MOV yayikulu kapena kuwonjezera gawo lachiwiri. Sindikhulupirira kabukhu kokha; ndimajambula mizere iwiriyi ndikuyang'ana mpata.

Mfundo Yogwirira Ntchito Yoteteza Kuthamanga kwa Gawo Limodzi?

Ndinkaganiza kuti "ntchito yofunika" inali nkhani yosathandiza mpaka nditapeza kamwala komwe kanadumphira pa malo osungiramo zinthu.

Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ndi kulephera kwa impedance. Pa mphamvu yamagetsi yachibadwa, SPD imawoneka ngati dera lotseguka. Pamene mphamvu yamagetsi ikuwonjezera mphamvu yowonjezera, tinthu ta MOV timasweka, timapanga mphamvu yochepa, ndikuyendetsa mphamvuyo padziko lapansi. Mphamvu yamagetsi ikatha, MOV imayambiranso ndikudikirira kugunda kwina.

Kugawana mphamvu mkati mwa chipangizocho

Kuchuluka kwa 20 kA sikugwera pa MOV imodzi. Chipangizochi chimagwiritsa ntchito ma MOV atatu nthawi imodzi kotero diski iliyonse imadya pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu. Ngati MOV imodzi ikakalamba mofulumira, mphamvu yake imachepa ndipo imaba mphamvu zambiri, imatentha, ndipo fuse ya kutentha imaipha. Imfa yabwinoyo imasunga zina ziwiri zamoyo. Nthawi zonse ndimafufuza ma code a deti; ma MOV ochokera ku msinkhu womwewo pamlingo womwewo, kotero zida zanga zosinthira zimakhala ndi masitampu ofanana a deti.

Kodi Mungayikitse Bwanji Mtetezi Woteteza Gawo Limodzi?

Ndinayikapo SPD kumbuyo; LED inakhalabe yobiriwira koma chitetezo chinatha ngati utsi.

Zimitsani chopalira chachikulu. Lumikizani chingwe cha SPD kumbali ya chopalira, chopanda mbali ku bala lopanda mbali, ndi nthaka ku bala la dziko lapansi. Sungani zingwe zazifupi kuposa 30 cm, zipotozeni pamodzi, ndikuzipotoza kufika pa 2 Nm. Tsekani bolodi, yatsani, ndikutsimikizira kuti magetsi obiriwira a LED ndi olimba.

Mayeso a kutalika kwa lead omwe ndimayendetsa pa ntchito iliyonse

Ndimagwiritsa ntchito jenereta ya chizindikiro cha 1 MHz ndikulumikiza waya wa 10 cm kudutsa ma terminal a SPD. Kutsika kwa magetsi kumawonjezeka kawiri ndikawonjezera masentimita ena 10. Kuyesa kumeneko kumanditsimikizira kuti 30 cm ndiye malire olimba; sentimita iliyonse yowonjezera imawonjezera pafupifupi 40 V ku let-through. Ngati gululo lili lodzaza, ndimayika SPD pakhomo ndikuyendetsa mkuwa wolukidwa; mawonekedwe athyathyathya amadula inductance ndi theka.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zoteteza Kuwonjezeka kwa Gawo Limodzi Mu Bizinesi Yaing'ono?

Ma uvuni atatu a kasitomala wanga anatayika pa mphepo yamkuntho imodzi; munthu wa inshuwalansi anadzudzula "tsoka" mpaka titamuwonetsa SPD yosungunuka yomwe tinaikonzanso tsiku lotsatira.

Ma SPD a gawo limodzi amateteza ma cash registers, makina a espresso, ma CNC routers, ndi ma CCTV m'masitolo ang'onoang'ono. Amalowa mkati mwa rack ya 1U kapena kupachikidwa pa njanji ya DIN pafupi ndi mita. Chida chimodzi cha 20 kA chimasunga mzere wonse wa bake ukuyenda nthawi yonse ya bingu.

Ndondomeko yogawa magulu yomwe ndimagwiritsa ntchito

Ndimalemba chipangizo chilichonse chomwe chili pansi pa 16 A ndikuchilemba kuti "chovuta" kapena "chovuta." Ma PLC omwe ali ndi SPD imodzi amagawana SPD imodzi ndi 550 V VPR. Ma heater omwe ali ndi SPD yachiwiri ndi 650 V VPR. Kugawanika kumeneku kumachepetsa mtengo chifukwa mtundu wa 650 V ndi wotsika mtengo ndi 30%. Spreadsheet yanga ikuwonetsa mwiniwakeyo kuti apulumutsa $210 komanso kuti nthawi yoperekera chithandizo ndi yochepa kuchokera ku fakitale yathu ya Wenzhou.

Malamulo Okhazikitsa Oyenera Kutsatira?

Ndinadula ngodya kamodzi ndipo ndinayendetsa zingwe za 50 cm chifukwa njanji ya DIN inkaoneka yokongola kwambiri; woyang'anira anandikakamiza kuti ndiidule.

Tsatirani malamulo anayi awa: sungani zingwe pansi pa 30 cm, gwiritsani ntchito mkuwa wa 16 mm², onjezerani chopukutira cha 32 A pamwamba, ndikuyika SPD mutagwiritsa ntchito mita koma musanagwiritse ntchito RCD. Tsatirani malamulo am'deralo: ku Germany gwiritsani ntchito VDE 0100-443, ku UK tsatirani BS 7671 534.

Gome 3: Mndandanda wachangu womwe ndimapereka kwa ogwira ntchito anga

Mapeto

Sankhani manambala, dulani ma lead, konzani zomangira, ndipo SPD yanu ya gawo limodzi idzafa kuti makina anu asafe.

Nditumizireni imelo ku caroline@leikexing.com kuti mupeze mtengo wa tsamba limodzi ndipo tidzakutumizirani gulu lanu lopangidwa kuchokera ku Wenzhou pakatha masiku 15.