Njira Zisanu Zotetezera Oteteza Opaleshoni

Njira Zotetezera Kuphulika kwa Matenda

1. Zipangizo Zoteteza Zozungulira (SPDs) Zolumikizidwa Pazingwe Zamagetsi

Muzochitika zachizolowezi, ma varistor omwe ali mkati mwa choteteza ma surge amakhalabe mu mkhalidwe wa high-impedance. Pamene gridi yamagetsi ikagundidwa ndi mphezi kapena ikakumana ndi ma surges osakhalitsa chifukwa cha kusintha kwa ntchito, choteteza chimayankha mkati mwa nanoseconds, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma varistor asinthe kukhala mkhalidwe wa low-impedance, ndikukakamiza mwachangu overvoltage kukhala yotetezeka. Ngati ma surges kapena ma overvoltage ataliatali achitika, varistor imawonongeka ndikutentha, zomwe zimayambitsa njira yochotsera kutentha kuti ipewe moto ndikuteteza zida.

2. Zoteteza Zozungulira za Mtundu wa Filter Zolumikizidwa Mogwirizana ndi Ma Circuits a Mphamvu

Zoteteza izi zimapereka mphamvu yoyera komanso yotetezeka pazida zamagetsi zodziwikiratu. Kuphulika kwa mphezi sikungokhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu yokha komanso mphamvu yokwera kwambiri komanso mphamvu yokwera kwambiri. Ngakhale ma SPD ofanana amatha kuletsa kukula kwa mafunde, sangachepetse mafunde awo akuthwa. Ma SPD amtundu wa fyuluta, olumikizidwa molumikizana ndi ma power circuits, amagwiritsa ntchito ma MOV (MOV1, MOV2) kuti achepetse ma overvoltage mu nanoseconds. Kuphatikiza apo, fyuluta ya LC imachepetsa kukwera kwa mphamvu ya mafunde ndi mphamvu yokwera ndi pafupifupi nthawi 1,000 ndikuchepetsa mphamvu yotsalira ndi kasanu, kuteteza zida zodziwikiratu.

3. Kukhazikitsa Ma Varistors Olimbitsa Mphamvu Pakati pa Magawo ndi Mizere kuti Muchepetse Kuchuluka kwa Mphamvu

Njirayi imagwira ntchito bwino pa magetsi, ma elevator, ma air conditioner, ndi ma mota, omwe ali ndi mphamvu zotha kupirira kugwedezeka kwambiri. Komabe, siigwira ntchito bwino pa zamagetsi amakono okhala ndi kuphatikiza kwakukulu. Mwachitsanzo, mu makina a single-phase 220V AC, ma varistors nthawi zambiri amaikidwa pakati pa neutral ndi ground kuti atenge mphezi zomwe zimayambitsidwa. Kugwira ntchito bwino kwa chitetezo kumadalira kwathunthu kusankha ndi kudalirika kwa varistors.

Voliyumu yolumikizira imayikidwa kutengera voteji yapamwamba ya gridi (310V), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti:
- 20% kusinthasintha kwa gridi,
- 10% kulekerera kwa zigawo,
- 15% zinthu zodalirika (kukalamba, chinyezi, kutentha).
Motero, kuchuluka kwa ma clamping nthawi zambiri kumayambira pa 470V mpaka 510V. Mafunde otsika pansi pa 470V amadutsa osakhudzidwa.

Ngakhale zida zamagetsi zodziwika bwino (monga ma mota, magetsi) zimatha kupirira 1,500V AC (2,500V peak), zamagetsi zamakono zimagwira ntchito pa ±5V mpaka ±15V, ndi kulekerera kwakukulu pansi pa 50V. Kukwera kwa ma frequency apamwamba pansi pa 470V kumatha kupitilirabe kudzera mu ma parasitic capacitances mu ma transformers ndi magetsi, zomwe zimawononga ma IC. Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa cha varistor residual voltage ndi lead inductance, ma surges amphamvu amatha kukankhira milingo yomangirira kufika pa 800V–1,000V, zomwe zimaika patsogolo magetsi.

4. Kulimbitsa Chitetezo ndi Ma Transformer Odzipatula Kwambiri (Njira Yodzipatula)

Chosinthira chotchinga chotchinga chimayikidwa pakati pa gwero lamagetsi ndi katundu kuti chiletse phokoso la ma frequency apamwamba pomwe chimalola kukhazikika kwachiwiri koyenera. Kusokoneza kwa common-mode, komwe kumagwirizana ndi nthaka, kumalumikizana kudzera mu capacitance yolumikizana. Chishango chokhazikika pakati pa ma windings oyambira ndi achiwiri chimachotsa kusokoneza kumeneku, kuchepetsa phokoso lotuluka.

5. Njira Yoyamwitsa

Zipangizo zoyamwitsa zimaletsa kukwera kwa mphamvu mwa kusintha kuchoka pa kupondereza kwapamwamba kupita ku kutsika pamene mphamvu yamagetsi yolowera yapitirira. Zipangizo zodziwika bwino ndi izi:
- Varistors - Mphamvu yochepa yogwiritsira ntchito magetsi.
- Machubu Otulutsa Gasi (GDTs)- Kuyankha pang'onopang'ono.
- Ma TVS Diode / Machubu Otulutsa Ma Solid-State - Mwachangu koma ndi kusinthana kwa mphamvu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.