Chiyambi:

Nchifukwa chiyani zida zanu zimafunikira "Voltage Bodyguard"?

Taganizirani izi: Usiku wamkuntho womwe mphezi zikuwomba mlengalenga, zida zanu zolondola zamtengo wapatali mazana ambiri "zikugundidwa mwadzidzidzi." Izi si zochitika kuchokera mufilimu yowopsa koma zoopsa zenizeni zomwe mafakitale ndi mabanja ambiri akumana nazo. Chipangizo choteteza mafunde (SPD) ndi "ngwazi yayikulu" ya nkhaniyi—chokhoza kuletsa kukwera kwa magetsi oopsa mumphindi imodzi. Koma nayi nkhani: anthu ambiri amabweretsa "alonda" awa kunyumba osadziwa momwe angawagwiritsire ntchito bwino.

Lero, tiyeni tikambirane za chitetezo chamagetsi chomwe chikuwoneka chosavuta koma chovuta kwambiri.

Gawo 1: Dziwani "mlonda wanu wamagetsi"

1.1 Kodi SPD ndi mtundu wanji wa "ukadaulo wakuda"?

Kunena zoona, mfundo ya chitetezo cha surge si yovuta. Ili ngati "switch yanzeru", yomwe imakhala chete nthawi zonse. Ikangozindikira mphamvu yamagetsi yosazolowereka (monga ma volts masauzande ambiri amagetsi okwera panthawi ya mphezi), imatha "kutsegula chitseko ndikutulutsa madzi" mumasekondi ang'onoang'ono, ndikuyendetsa mphamvu yowopsa pansi. Kodi liwiro la reaction ili ndi liwiro lotani? Ndi liwiro nthawi mamiliyoni kuposa momwe mumaphethira!

1.2 Kugawa "ziwalo zamkati" za SPD

Ma SPD wamba pamsika amadalira "maluso apadera" atatu kuti agwire ntchito:

Metal oxide varistor (MOV): imayamwa mphamvu yamagetsi yochulukirapo monga momwe siponji imayamwa madzi

Chubu chotulutsira mpweya (GDT): imapanga mafunde akuluakulu pogwiritsa ntchito mpweya wa ionizing

Diode yochepetsera ya Transient (TVS): imagwira ntchito yothana ndi ma pulses "osasangalatsa" opanda mphamvu zambiri

Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma SPD ili ndi mphamvu zawozawo. Monga momwe kusankha woteteza sikungoyang'ana minofu yokha, kusankha SPD kumadaliranso nthawi yomwe ikuchitika - zosowa za fakitale ndi malo ochitira zisudzo kunyumba ndizosiyana kwambiri.

Gawo 2: Kukuphunzitsani momwe mungayikitsire SPD pang'onopang'ono

2.1 Malangizo opewera mavuto pogula

Chaka chatha, kasitomala wina anandidandaula kuti SPD yomwe adagula inali yopanda ntchito. Nditafunsa, ndinapeza kuti adayika chitsanzo cha 20kA chogwiritsidwa ntchito kunyumba pa siteshoni yapansi panthaka yomwe ili m'dera lamapiri lomwe nthawi zambiri limawombedwa ndi mphezi! Izi zili ngati kugwiritsa ntchito ambulera kuletsa matalala. Zingakhale zachilendo ngati sichingasweke.

Kumbukirani manambala ofunikira awa mukamagula:

• Mtengo wa magetsi: ziyenera kufanana! Kuyika 380V SPD pa makina a 220V kuli ngati kusayika

• Kuchuluka kwa madzi: 40kA ikulimbikitsidwa m'madera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja omwe ali ndi mphezi pafupipafupi

• Njira yodzitetezera: Mtundu wa "1+1" umagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zipangizo wamba zapakhomo, ndipo mtundu wa "3+1" ndi wabwino kwambiri pa zipangizo zolondola.

2.2 "Phunziro la magazi ndi misozi" pamalo okhazikitsa

Mwezi watha, ndinapita ku malo osungira deta kuti ndikakonze ndipo ndinapeza kuti SPD yawo inali itayikidwadi pamtunda wa mamita atatu kuchokera pa mzere waukulu! Izi zili ngati kutseka chozimitsira moto m'chipinda china. Ngati pali moto weniweni, palibe nthawi yoti ndiutenge.

Kaimidwe koyenera ka kukhazikitsa:

• Zimitsani magetsi! Zimitsani magetsi! Zimitsani magetsi! (Zinthu zofunika ziyenera kunenedwa katatu)

• Kumbukirani njira yolumikizira mawaya: kulumikiza waya wapansi poyamba, kenako waya wapakati, ndipo potsiriza waya wamoyo

• Yesani kufupikitsa kutalika kwa waya wolumikizira (chitetezo chidzachepetsedwa ndi theka ngati chipitirira mamita 0.5)

• Musaiwale kuchita "kufufuza thupi": gwiritsani ntchito megohmmeter kuti muyese kukana kwa nthaka

Nayi njira ina: ikani chizindikiro chomata pafupi ndi SPD ndikulemba tsiku loyikira. Chinthuchi chili ngati chosungira mabuleki a galimoto, chikufunika kusinthidwa pambuyo pa nthawi yayitali yogwiritsidwa ntchito.

Gawo 3: Tsatanetsatane wa kukonza zinthu wanyalanyazidwa ndi anthu 90%

3.1 "Zizindikiro za imfa" za SPD

• SPD singalankhule, koma idzakuuzani kuti "Ndikufa" m'njira izi:

• Chipolopolocho chimasanduka chachikasu ndipo chimapindika (ngati chidole cha pulasitiki chokalamba). Kuwala kowunikira kumayamba "kuoneka ngati kwakufa" (mwachionekere kumayendetsedwa koma sikuyatsidwa). Zipangizozi nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi zochitika "za mizimu" (kuyambiranso kosamveka bwino kapena kugwa)

• Ndikofunikira kuti mufufuze mosavuta kotala lililonse: gwirani kutentha kwa chipolopolocho ndi dzanja lanu (ngati kuli kotentha, pali vuto), ndipo yang'anani chizindikiro cha zenera (chobiriwira chimatanthauza kuti chili ndi thanzi labwino, chofiira chimatanthauza kuti chiyenera kusinthidwa).

3.2 "Zolakwika zochepa" zomwe tidachita m'zaka zimenezo

• Chitsanzo cha cholakwika 1: Kuona SPD ngati chokongoletsera "kamodzi kokha" (kwenikweni, ndi chinthu chogwiritsidwa ntchito)

• Chitsanzo cha cholakwika 2: Kulumikiza waya wothira pansi ku chimango chachitsulo mosasamala (electrode yapadera yothira pansi ikufunika)

• Chitsanzo cha cholakwika 3: Kusakaniza ma SPD a mitundu yosiyanasiyana (monga kumwa mankhwala aku China ndi aku Western mwachisawawa)

Chinthu chodabwitsa kwambiri ndichakuti ndawonapo wina akugwiritsa ntchito SPD ngati chingwe chamagetsi, chomwe chili ndi ma kettle amagetsi ndi ma uvuni a microwave...

Gawo 4: Mafunso ndi Mayankho ochokera ku nkhondo yeniyeni

Q: Kodi mungakhale otsimikiza mukatha kukhazikitsa SPD?

A: Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi lamba wapampando, simungagunde galimoto mwadala. SPD+lightning arrester+UPS ndiye phukusi lonse.

Q: Kodi mungaweruze bwanji ngati SPD yasweka kapena zida zake zili ndi vuto?

A: Njira yosavuta: mukachotsa SPD, zida zimabwerera mwakale, ndiye kuti vuto la SPD ndilabwino.

Q: Kodi moyo wa ntchito wa SPD ndi wautali bwanji?

A: Izi zimadalira kuchuluka kwa "ma beats". Mwachitsanzo, kasitomala ku Guangdong adamenyedwa ndi mphezi ka 12 patsiku limodzi, ndipo SPD yake idapuma pantchito m'miyezi itatu.

Pomaliza: Lingaliro la "kugula inshuwaransi" yamagetsi

Ndaona anthu ambiri ofunitsitsa kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zambiri pa zipangizo, koma amasamala kwambiri za chitetezo. Ndipotu, SPD ili ngati "inshuwalansi yachipatala" ya makina amagetsi. Simungamve kuti ilipo nthawi zonse, koma ingapulumutse moyo wanu panthawi yovuta.

Pomaliza, ndikufuna kunena mawu kwa aliyense: chitetezo chabwino cha ma surge sichokwera mtengo kwambiri, koma ndicho choyenera kwambiri. Nthawi ina mukagula, mungafunse wogulitsayo kuti ndi mayeso ati othandiza omwe chitsanzochi chakumana nawo. Kupatula apo, palibe amene angayerekeze kukhala ndi "bodyguard" yemwe amangolankhula za izi papepala.

Zolemba Zaukadaulo:

• Deta yoyezedwa ikuwonetsa kuti ma SPD omwe adayikidwa bwino amatha kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa mphezi ndi 82%

• Malinga ndi IEC 61643, nthawi yoyankhira ya SPD yapamwamba iyenera kukhala ≤25ns

• M'madera omwe kuli mvula yamkuntho yoopsa, tikulimbikitsidwa kusintha zigawo zikuluzikulu za SPD zaka zitatu zilizonse.